Prickly shield fern is a slow-growing evergreen fern found on dry forest floors in Japan, Korea, China, India, Southeast Asia, Malesia, Polynesia, and New Zealand. The specific epithet comes from a Latin word meaning “bearing a bristle.”

Rhizomes are short and hard, extending sideways or standing diagonally. The scales are attached to the base of the rhizome and petiole. The scales are linear lanceolate, 2 to 8 mm in length and less than 1 mm in width, brown, with hair on the edges. The petiole is 25 to 45 cm long, pale straw in color, and its base is thickened to make the scale slightly denser. The leaf blade is twice pinnate compound leaf. The whole shape is oval oblong, 30 to 40 cm long and 15 to 35 cm wide. The side wings develop clearly in the lower 3-5 pairs, but from there on, the wings suddenly become shorter, forming a top wing similar to the side wings. Each wing has a handle and a linear lanceolate shape, with the widest base and tapering toward the tip. In the lower wing, the small wing at the base of the base develops like a small wing. The tip of the winglet is hard and sharp, with a shallow serrated edge. The leaf surface is green, and some plants have whitish spots along the feather axis. The sporangia emerges at the midpoint between the middle rib and the rim of the winglet, and the spore membrane has a round kidney shape and the rim is smooth or slightly wavy.

Miquel's bristle fern features evergreen, glossy fronds that uncurl from a central rosette, giving a lush appearance. Its leaves are intricately divided, resembling a delicate web, which may inspire its name. Adaptable to shaded forest understories, miquel's bristle fern thrives in moist, well-drained soil, often contributing to the rich tapestry of ferns in its native habitat.

Attractive hollyfern is a charming evergreen fern, showcasing broad, triangular fronds that arch gracefully. With a deep green sheen, its foliage often exhibits a lacy appearance due to delicate and finely divided leaflets, which can resemble spider webs, inspiring its name. Thriving in moist, shaded forest environments, this species underlines the intricate beauty of understorey plant life, resilient yet requiring protection from harsh sunlight.

Arachniodes speciosa is a striking evergreen fern with intricate fronds that resemble spider webs, hence its name. It thrives in the dappled light of forest understories where humidity is high. This fern's glossy, deep green leaves feature bold streaks of lighter green, and its leathery texture allows it to conserve moisture, offering resilience in its shaded, moist habitat.

'Variegata' refers to plants with two or more distinctly colored parts of leaf, stem, etc. In the case of arachniodes aristata 'Variegata' the variation occurs in the leaves, which have a central lime green section running along the side of the leaf closest to the branch. The rest of the leaf is dark green, the color of the parent plant's leaves. These hardy plants make for striking garden additions.

Arachniodes rhomboidea is a perennial fern with glossy, dark green fronds that exhibit a distinctive diamond-shaped pattern. Its leaves are structured in a feather-like arrangement, adding a touch of elegance to shaded garden spaces or woodland environments. Thriving in moist, well-drained soil, arachniodes rhomboidea's robust nature allows it to persist under the cool, dappled light of its natural habitat, often forming lush, verdant clumps that contribute to the forest understorey's biodiversity.

Upside-down fern is an elegant fern recognized for its glossy, dark green fronds that arch gracefully. Distinctive for its broad, triangular leaf structure, upside-down fern flourishes in cool, shaded forest environments where moisture is abundant. Its fronds exhibit finely serrated edges and are supported by a stout, creeping rhizome, suggesting resilience and adaptability beneath the forest canopy.

Dracaena are popular house plants that are easy to grow. They can tolerate low-light conditions and require little watering. Their leaves range from variegated to dark green. Their characteristic traits include woody stems that grow slowly but offer a striking appearance for small spaces such as apartments or offices.

Fig trees have been cultivated in many regions for their fruits, particularly the common fig, F. carica. Most of the species have edible fruits, although the common fig is the only one of commercial value. Fig trees are also important food sources for wildlife in the tropics, including monkeys, bats, and insects.

Brambles are members of the rose family, and there are hundreds of different types to be found throughout the European countryside. They have been culturally significant for centuries; Christian folklore stories hold that when the devil was thrown from heaven, he landed on a bramble bush. Their vigorous growth habit can tangle into native plants and take over.

The popular tree family known as maples change the color of their leaves in the fall. Many cultural traditions encourage people to watch the colors change, such as momijigari in Japan. Maples popular options for bonsai art. Alternately, their sap is used to create maple syrup.

Prunus is a genus of flowering fruit trees that includes almonds, cherries, plums, peaches, nectarines, and apricots. These are often known as "stone fruits" because their pits are large seeds or "stones." When prunus trees are damaged, they exhibit "gummosis," a condition in which the tree's gum (similar to sap) is secreted to the bark to help heal external wounds.

Nightshades is a large and diverse genus of plants, with more than 1500 different types worldwide. This genus incorporates both important staple food crops like tomato, potato, and eggplant, but also dangerous poisonous plants from the nightshade family. The name was coined by Pliny the Elder almost two thousand years ago.

Most species of roses are shrubs or climbing plants that have showy flowers and sharp thorns. They are commonly cultivated for cut flowers or as ornamental plants in gardens due to their attractive appearance, pleasant fragrance, and cultural significance in many countries. The rose hips (fruits) can also be used in jams and teas.

Oaks are among the world's longest-lived trees, sometimes growing for over 1,000 years! The oldest known oak tree is in the southern United States and is over 1,500 years old. Oaks produce an exceedingly popular type of wood which is used to make different products, from furniture and flooring to wine barrels and even cosmetic creams.