Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi) Flower, Leaf, Care, Uses

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Plant Encyclopedia > Adlay

Care Guide for Adlay

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Soil Care

Sand, Loam, Chalky, Acidic, Neutral

Details on Soil Care

Ideal Lighting

Full sun, Partial sun

Details on Sunlight Requirements

Ideal Temperature

8 to 11

Details on Temperature

Planting Time

Mid spring, Late spring

Details on Planting Time

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Adlay

Water

Twice per week

Hardiness Zones

8 to 11

Planting Time

Mid spring, Late spring

Questions About Adlay

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Watering

Pruning

Sunlight

Temperature

Fertilizing

What is the best way to water my Adlay?

To water Adlay, you can use a garden hose with a spray nozzle, a watering can, or just about any other common watering tool. Generally, Adlay is not too picky about how they receive their water, as they can live off of rainwater, tap water, or filtered water. Often, you should try not to water this plant from overhead, as doing so can damage the leaves and flowers and may lead to disease as well. At times, the best method for watering this plant is to set up a drip irrigation system. These systems work well for Adlay as they apply water evenly and directly to the soil. For one Adlay that grows in a container, you can use a similar watering approach while changing the tools you use. To water a container-grown Adlay, use a cup, watering can, or your tap to apply water directly to the soil.

What should I do if I water my Adlay too much or too little?

The remedy for underwatering Adlay is somewhat obvious. When you notice that your plant lacks moisture, simply begin watering it on a more regular basis. The issue of overwatering can be a much more dire situation, especially if you fail to notice it early. When your Adlay is overwatered, it may contract diseases that lead to its decline and death. The best way to prevent this outcome is to choose a proper growing location, one that receives plenty of sunlight to help dry the soil and has good enough drainage to allow excess water to drain rather than pooling and causing waterlogged soils. If you overwater your Adlay that lives in a pot, you may need to consider changing it to a new pot. Your previous container may not have contained soil with good drainage or may not have had sufficient drainage holes. As you repot your overwatered Adlay, make sure to add loose soils and to use a pot that drains efficiently.

How often should I water my Adlay?

Adlay needs water regularly throughout the growing season. Beginning in spring, you should plan to water this plant about once per week. As the season presses on and grows warmer, you may need to increase your watering rate to about two to three times per week. Exceeding at this rate can be detrimental to your Adlay. With that said, you should also ensure that the soil in which your Adlay grows remains relatively moist but not wet, regardless of how often you must water to make that the case. Watering Adlay that lives in a pot is a bit different. Generally, you'll need to increase your watering frequency, as the soil in a pot can heat up and dry out a bit faster than ground soil. As such, you should plan to water a container-grown Adlay a few times per week in most cases, versus just once per week for an in-ground plant.

How much water does my Adlay need?

There are a few different ways you can go about determining how much water to give to your Adlay. Some gardeners choose to pick their water volume based on feeling the soil for moisture. That method suggests that you should water until you feel that the first six inches of soil have become moist. Alternatively, you can use a set measurement to determine how much to water your Adlay. Typically, you should give your Adlay about two gallons of water per week, depending on how hot it is and how quickly the soil becomes dry. However, following strict guidelines like that can lead to overwatering if your plant requires less than two gallons per week for whatever reason. When growing Adlay in a container, you will need to use a different method to determine how much water to supply. Typically, you should give enough water to moisten all of the layers of soil that have become dry. To test if that is the case, you can simply stick your finger in the soil to feel for moisture. You can also water the soil until you notice a slight trickle of excess water exiting the drainage holes of your pot.

How can I tell if i'm watering my Adlay enough?

It can be somewhat difficult to avoid overwatering your Adlay. On the one hand, these plants have relatively deep roots that require you to moisten the soil weekly. On the other hand, Adlay are plants that are incredibly susceptible to root rot. Along with root rot, your Adlay may also experience browning as a result of overwatering. Underwatering is far less likely for your Adlay as these plants can survive for a while in the absence of supplemental watering. However, if you go too long without giving this plant water, it will likely begin to wilt. You may also notice dry leaves.

How should I water my Adlay through the seasons?

You can expect your Adlay’s water needs to increase as the season moves on. During spring, you should water about once per week. Then, as the summer heat arrives, you will likely need to give a bit more water to your Adlay, at times increasing to about three times per week. This is especially true of Adlay that grow in containers, as the soil in a container is far more likely to dry out faster than ground soil when the weather is warm. In autumn, while your Adlay is still in bloom, it may need a bit less water as the temperature has likely declined, and the sun is no longer as strong as it was in summer.

How should I water my Adlay at different growth stages?

Adlay will move through several different growth stages throughout the year, some of which may require more water than others. For example, you will probably start your Adlay as a seed. While the seed germinates, you should plant to give more water than your Adlay will need later in life, watering often enough to maintain consistent soil moisture. After a few weeks, your Adlay will grow above the soil and may need slightly less water than at the seedling phase. Then, once this plant is mature, you can begin to use the regular watering frequency of about once per week. As flower development takes place, you may need to give slightly more water to aid the process.

What's the difference between watering Adlay indoors and outdoors?

There are several reasons why most Adlay grow outdoors rather than indoors. The first is that these plants typically grow to tall. The second reason is that Adlay needs more daily sunlight than most indoor growing locations can provide. If you are able to provide a suitable indoor growing location, you may find that you need to give your Adlay water a bit more often than you would in an outdoor growing location. Part of the reason for this is that indoor growing locations tend to be a lot drier than outdoor ones due to HVAC units. The other reason for this is that soil in containers can dry out relatively quickly as well compared to soil in the ground.

Is pruning necessary for my Adlay?

Adlay is a kind of annual plant so it doesn't need much pruning. You only need to cut off and clean the diseased, yellow or dropped leaves and stems during its growing period. This will help your Adlay to stay away from pathogens infection.

How do I prune my Adlay?

During the growth of the plant, yellowing, drying and spotted leaves are produced, and these spotted and discolored leaves need to be trimmed off. If the whole piece of leave is discolored or infected, you will need to cut it off completely. In other situations, you will only need to cut off the discolored or infected part on certain leaves. Adlay above the ground will die and dry up in the winter, and the dead plants need to be cleaned up.

Are there any cautions I should be careful with when pruning my Adlay?

Adlay leaves are delicate, so take care not to score or bruise them. Unless the leaves are withered or heavily discolored, do not prune the leaves from the lowermost branches unless they’re damaged. They typically grow the largest, so they supply the plant with critical energy to keep it growing right. Please prevent the wounds from water after pruning until they are fully recovered. Remember always sterilize the tools before pruning. When the pruning is finished, please throw all the waste leaves and stems into the trashbins to avoid diseases and bugs.

Are there any tips for pruning my Adlay?

Sterilize all the tools before pruning; unclean tools will pass pathogens to the plant through wounds; Prune on sunny days because the new cuts will be infected by pathogens if they're distained by rain or water. Throw all the waste leaves and stems into trashbins, they will easily rot and attract diseases and bugs

When should/shouldn't I prune my Adlay?

Expect to prune your Adlay every week if it’s growing well or every two weeks if it grows slowly. It is always good to prune it on sunny days because if you prune it on rainy days, the rainwater will distain the cuts and cause the whole plant to be infected.

What should I look for when pruning my Adlay in different seasons?

Because Adlay is an annual plant, the pruning should take place basically during the seasons that the plant grows rapidly. During the growth of the plant, yellowing, drying and spotted leaves are produced, and these spotted and discolored leaves need to be trimmed off.

How much sunlight should Adlay get per day to grow healthily?

You must expose the plants to at least 6 to 8 hours of sunlight daily. They prefer more exposure to the morning light, especially in the summer. The Adlay needs full sun and more sunlight that it can get. The more light these species get, the more they can manufacture food, produce beautiful blooms, and survive.

What type of sunlight does Adlay need?

The Adlay grows best under full sunlight. It's best not to crowd them together so they can get exposure to the sun evenly. The leaves shouldn't be starved with sunlight. If planted in pots, try to expose the herbaceous flowers in windows with direct sun and ensure they receive full sunlight regardless of the months. They don't tend to do well in partial or filtered light as this will not produce strong stems and healthy flowers. It's best if the Adlay is always exposed to the sun.

Can sunlight hurt plants? How to protect Adlay from sun and heat damage?

When the temperature rises above 90℉(32℃), the Adlay can get damaged by extreme temperatures, especially if they are exposed to many hours of sun. It's always ideal for providing some shade from the light in the afternoon in the summer. It's always important to keep in mind that the sunlight in the summer is stronger than the one in the winter. Sunlight exposure is also 50% longer in the summer than in the winter. If the Adlay is too stressed with sunlight, you might want to keep them fully hydrated. Water them when the top of the soil is about 2 inches dry, and move the plants indoors if it's too hot outside. This is the case if they are planted in containers. It can be normal for the plant leaves to wilt during the day. Generally, they can recover at night. However, when you notice that the Adlay is still drooping, this means that the plant is losing water fast, and you need to water them.

Should I protect Adlay from sun exposure?

The Adlay does not need any protection from the sun. In fact, they love the sun, and some species are heliotropic. Plant them in south-facing gardens whenever possible so they can be exposed from morning to afternoon. While the sun can benefit them, some may experience a sunburn. You might offer protection from the afternoon and midday sun through a shade of a tree or a wall. Growing the Adlay in shady areas is impossible because the larger flowers would require a lot of energy to grow and produce. Always provide the lighting conditions and set them in an area with full sun for best results.

What will happen if Adlay gets inadequate sunlight?

When the Adlay does not get adequate sunlight, or they are not placed in full sun locations, it's worth noting that the photosynthetic process will slow down. A lack of sunlight will cause the stems to become more leggy since they become thin and long since they tend to seek too much sunlight. They will not bloom and produce seeds in the shade. Inadequate sunlight will also mean that the older leaves can die, the color of the new ones is lighter than the old foliage, and the new growth is smaller than the last ones. The Adlay indeed loves the sun so much. However, they can wilt when exposed to excessive heat and ultraviolet light during the extreme summer months, so be careful. You might want to cover them with a net that has a green shade, especially in the summer, to prevent the leaves and the flowers from scorching. When they are indoors, reduce the heat with the help of a fan.

Does Adlay need special care about sunlight during its different growth stages?

When the Adlay is growing, they need more light than their mature counterparts. The younger ones should receive adequate light, but they might not be prepared for sudden full sunlight, especially if they are grown in a nursery. They can be more sensitive to the summer sun, so the lighting should be gradual and slow.

How much light does Adlay need for photosynthesis?

During summer or late spring, the Adlay needs 6 to 8 hours of direct light every single day. This is whether they are planted outdoors. If the Adlay is planted in pots or you're growing them in the winter, they need direct fluorescent lights that help them grow better. Make sure to place them in an indoor area where they are facing south or east so they can have enough sunlight for photosynthesis.

Are there any cautions or tips for sunlight and Adlay?

When transplanting the plants, they should not be exposed to sudden sunlight. Give the Adlay to grow and mature before transplanting outside. Some species of herbaceous plants can grow taller and might cast a shade on other young plants. Allow between 80 to 100 days of growing season before planting another batch to ensure that every plant receives more than enough sunlight for at least 6 hours a day. Make sure that the Adlay receives the best light possible, especially if it's planted in a nursery. These are sun-loving plants, but too much sunlight with a very hot temperature is also detrimental to their growth. Indoor lights should be replaced with natural sunlight as much as possible since these species crave this every day.

What is the optimal temperature for Adlay?

Colder temperatures can affect plants since they have the same temperature as the air around them. When they are exposed to the sun, they can start to get warm again, but this is not the case during winter. The temperature range for the Adlay is often 70~85℉(21~30℃). They might tolerate 20~30℉(-6~0℃) even 15℉(-10℃), but not for long since this can result in frost damage. Maximum temperatures should be around 70~85℉(21~30℃), but make sure that you spray them with water from time to time and give them some shade to prevent wilting.

Should I adjust the temperature for Adlay during different growing phases?

Do some research and make sure that the temperature is right when growing Adlay. Some growers might consider decreasing the plants' thermostats during the growing season to reduce HVAC costs. However, it's vital to understand that the temperature can affect the flowering, pest management, and quality of the plants. There will be a temperature point where the Adlay will stop growing, and this can happen during the winter when some species might go into a dormant state. The base temperature becomes warmer when the season changes and the Adlay can grow faster. The species that are naturally growing in warm habitats have higher optimum temperatures when you compare them to the ones that thrive in a cooler climate. When the seeds of Adlay are exposed to cool temperatures, this can cause a decrease in uniformity and delays. You might also want to lower the temperature during flowering but not at other phases. Cooler temperatures at night will also require less water, so adjust the irrigation as needed.

How can I keep Adlay warm in cold seasons?

Stop fertilizing the plant to avoid new growth and allow the old ones to become hardy. This way, they can endure colder temperature when it begins to drop. To keep them warm, you can build structures around the Adlay like cages or trellises. There are also options to use heat mats that can gently warm the soil since they can consistently maintain an ideal temperature range for the Adlay.

How can I save Adlay from temperature damage?

During winter, you can protect the Adlay from frost by covering it with cloths, tarps, burlaps, sheets, or plastic buckets. Make sure to keep them down so they continue to act as insulators and the wind will not blow them away. However, ensure that the plastic sheets or burlap covers should not touch any part of the fruit or foliage, or the cold temperatures can transfer to the material and cause burns. When the temperatures begin to rise during the daytime, remove the covers.

Should I adjust the temperature for Adlay in different seasons?

When growing the Adlay in spring, you might want to increase humidity since the air temperature tends to be cooler at this time. A dry temperature can be a stressful growing environment for various species, which can help. If summer arrives, the large cover of the greenhouse and the warm temperature will mean that there will be a higher humidity level in the air. Some signs to look for are the condensation that is often found on the walls of the greenhouse, and this can cause issues with pollination and the development of infections when the water begins to fall on the leaves. Make adjustments according to the temperature and do some spraying during the hotter days of the year.

What damage will Adlay suffer if the temperature is too high/low?

Generally, the first cold snap can destroy the Adlay and others might go into a dormant state when the temperature is low. Some plants can get chilled when the temperatures range from 20~30℉(-6~0℃). They can freeze when the temperature begins to drop below 32℉(0℃). Those species that hide most of their parts under the soil might lose their structures above ground, but they can recover in spring. Some of the associated issues with too low temperatures are the lack of availability of resources like water, and nutrients, and those subtropical plants can suffer when the temperature reaches below 20℉(-6℃). The plants can also get damaged because of extreme heat stress when it's too high. This can reduce the transpiration rate that can affect the growth and productivity of Adlay.

What tips and cautions should I keep in mind when it comes to temperature for Adlay?

You need to cover the plants at night since these can add about 5 degrees more to protect the species from frost and freezing temperatures. The cloth rows can work well as blankets and ensure that there are no openings where the heat could escape. When using the covers, avoid the plastic from touching the foliage because this can cause the Adlay to freeze. Remember to keep the covers during the day and stop using heat pads during the summer. It will always be worth the effort to protect the cold-intolerant plants from freezing temperatures to help them survive.

How can I keep Adlay warm without a heat pad?

If you prefer not to use a heat pad, bring the Adlay inside, especially if it's freezing outdoors. During spring, consider the ones you need to bring indoors and plant them in moveable pots and containers.

How can I provide Adlay with an adequate temperature condition?

Most often, the ones caring for the Adlay will grow them in greenhouses. This is because they can provide adequate temperature in these areas that won't affect the photosynthesis process of a specific process. Some install the proper HVAC systems to control the temperatures of Adlay. This can handle many species' cooling and heating needs, especially during the summer and winter. They generally place the cooling or heating pad under the plants rather than above to achieve their desired temperatures. If outdoors, you can protect the Adlay from frost by covering it with cloths, tarps, burlaps, sheets, or plastic buckets.

Under what conditions should I stop adjusting the temperature for Adlay?

Heat mats are often left on Adlay to set the temperatures at a more consistent level. When the weather becomes warmer during the day, you can remove them, especially if the species are exposed to the sun. Put the pads away once the plants are established and when they start growing flowers and fruits.

Why do I need to fertilize my Adlay?

All plants need nutrients to grow, but some types are able to take what they need and don’t need any supplementation with fertilizers. Adlay, like other plants, use nutrients to support growth and all internal processes. Each of the main nutrients that plants use (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) contribute to one or more of a plant’s essential functions, and in the case of foliage it is nitrogen that provides the most support. It can be difficult for a Adlay to get enough nitrogen from the soil, which is why many gardeners prefer to supplement by feeding Adlay with a source of nitrogen.

When is the best time to fertilize my Adlay?

Adlay generally grows well, but a fertilizer can be applied about once a month to give the plant a boost when it is actively growing. You should fertilize Adlay about once a month only during the spring and summer months, but not during fall and winter when it becomes less active and does not use as many nutrients. You’ll know when to start fertilizing Adlay if you see signs of new growth. The fertilization schedule remains the same whether the plant is grown outside or indoors in a container. However, if your Adlay is in a container, you probably will not need to fertilize for the first one to two months. Potting soil made for container plants already contains plenty of nutrients, so you should only start to fertilize after your plant has been in the same soil for a while.

When should I avoid fertilizing my Adlay?

Never fertilize your Adlay if it is not healthy, for example if it has developed a disease or has insect pests on it. Also do not fertilize a dehydrated plant, since the fertilizer will make this problem even worse. Only fertilize healthy plants. Do not splash fertilizer onto the leaves or stem of this plant when watering, since it can cause burned spots. Be careful not to allow the fertilizer to make direct contact with the plant, unless you are usually a special fertilizer designed to be applied to the foliage.

What type of fertilizer does my Adlay need?

Fertilizers contain high levels of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus, along with other essential nutrients such as iron, manganese and zinc. These are all necessary elements that promote growth in Adlay. A balanced fertilizer works well for Adlay, for example an all-purpose fertilizer with a 10-10-10 NPK number. For natural fertilizers, blood meal or worm castings work well. You may also choose a fertilizer that is higher in nitrogen than other nutrients, such as fish fertilizer. Nitrogen provides support to leaves, which are the main feature that people want from Adlay. There is no point in providing a lot of supplements for flowers or seeds if that is not your purpose in growing the plant.

How do I fertilize my Adlay?

Apply fertilizer based on the instructions on the particular type you have purchased. It is generally a good idea to start with half-strength fertilizer to avoid accidentally over-fertilizing your Adlay. Since this plant requires frequent fertilization, it is common to accidentally fertilize too much. Remember that it’s always easier to add more fertilizer than it is to try to save an over-fertilized plant. Don’t apply fertilizer to dry soil - it should already be at least somewhat moist before fertilizing. This helps the fertilizer absorb more easily and helps avoid fertilizer burn. You should also water after applying dry fertilizers to your soil. Some fertilizers are meant to be mixed into the soil when planting, while others are applied on top of the soil and then watered in. For most types of Adlay, a water soluble fertilizer is an easy choice. Simply mix the fertilizer solution into your watering can at the recommended dosage for Adlay and then water the plant as usual. Slow-release granules or fertilizer spikes can also work well if you prefer not to remember to fertilize monthly.

What happens if I fertilize my Adlay too much?

Over-fertilization leads to a build-up of salts in the soil which leads to a lack of vitality overall and pale coloration in the leaves. Leaves may also wilt or develop brown tips as the excess salt from the fertilizer tries to make its way out of the leaves. Too much fertilizer makes it impossible for the plant to take up water and nutrients, which will eventually kill it if you don’t take steps to save your Adlay. If the Adlay is in a container, you could either remove it from the pot and repot it in fresh potting mix, or flush out the soil by running a lot of water through and letting it drain out thoroughly. If your Adlay is outdoors, the same theory applies, although it can be more difficult to flush outdoor soil. Water thoroughly and hold off on fertilizing again for a while. You may want to perform a soil test before you add any more fertilizer to make sure you don’t provide too much of any one nutrient.

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Key Facts About Adlay

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Attributes of Adlay

Lifespan

Annual, Perennial

Plant Type

Herb

Planting Time

Mid spring, Late spring

Bloom Time

Summer, Fall

Plant Height

91 cm to 1.2 m

Leaf Color

Green

Flower Size

2.5 cm

Flower Color

Green

Fruit Color

Black

White

Silver

Gray

Leaf type

Deciduous

Ideal Temperature

20 - 38 ℃

Growth Season

Summer, Fall

Scientific Classification of Adlay

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Monocotyledons

Order

Grasses, sedges and allies

Family

Grass

Genus

Job's tears

Species

Adlay

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Common Pests & Diseases About Adlay

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Common issues for Adlay based on 10 million real cases

Leaf scorch

Leaf blight causes leaves to dry out and turn brown starting at their tips.

Solutions: The solution to leaf scorch will depend on the cause, however, in general all cultural care methods that improve plant health and root functionality will reduce symptoms. Mulching the root zone (preferably with wood chip mulch) helps retain moisture, reduce evaporation, and promotes a healthy, functional root environment that is critical for water movement to the leaves. Check the root collar for girdling or circling roots that strangle the trunk and limit water and nutrient movement. Protect trees from severe root damage of nearby construction and excavation. If fertilizer burn is to blame, irrigate the soil deeply to flush out excess fertilizer salts. However, keep in mind that fertilizer runoff is an environmental pollutant. Avoiding excess fertilization in the first place is the best approach. If soil testing has revealed a potassium deficiency, apply a potassium fertilizer and water well. Even if you have enough potassium in the soil, plants will not be able to take it up if the soil is consistently too dry. Severely affected twigs may be removed using a pair of sharp and sanitized pruning shears, as weakened branches are susceptible to secondary infections. If your plant has bacterial leaf scorch, there is no cure. Antibiotic injections applied by a professional can reduce symptoms for a season, however, the above cultural management methods are the best options to reduce symptoms and prolong life. An infected plant will likely die within ten years.

Fruit rot

Soft rot in the fruit can have a variety of causes.

Solutions: Prune out and destroy infected spurs and branches. Correct spacing between plants to reduce wind-born infection. Chemical fungicides may become necessary. Bird deterrents and biological or chemical treatments for insects will reduce fruit damage, making it harder for fungal infections to take hold.

Aphids

Aphids are small, pear-shaped insects that come in a variety of semi-translucent colors. They suck sap from plants.

Solutions: Aphids can be controlled with physical, biological, and chemical methods. For less severe cases: Dip a cloth in soap water and use it to wipe/rub off all the aphids from plants. Use a hose with a good stream of water to spray them off. Introduce beneficial insects such as ladybugs and lacewings. For severe cases: Spray plants with a diluted mix of neem oil and insecticidal soap (follow label instructions). Apply in the evening or on a cloudy day to avoid burning plants. Remove and dispose of infected plants or plant parts. Surrounding plants should also be treated to fully control the problem.

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Distribution of Adlay

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Habitat of Adlay

Wet places in grassland in the foothills

Northern Hemisphere

South Hemisphere

Distribution Map of Adlay

Adlay is cultivated and has a widespread geographical presence. Native to regions in South and East Asia, adlay has also been introduced to various continents, spanning from the Americas to Africa, and even to some Pacific and Caribbean islands. While adlay is cultivated for its uses, in certain areas where it has been introduced, it may have an impact on local ecosystems, and is sometimes thought to be invasive, as noticed in parts of Central and South America, Africa, and the Pacific.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Potentially invasive

Exotic

No species reported

More Info on Adlay Growth and Care

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Basic Care Guide

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Lighting

Full sun

Adlay craves an abundance of solar exposure for healthy growth. The plant hails from habitats where luminous rays are plentiful. At different stages of development, its photosynthesis can hum along with moderate sun. However, a shortage or overabundance of sun may harm the plant, disrupting its growth or causing withering.

Best Sunlight Practices

Transplant

1-2 feet

The ideal time to transplant adlay is during late spring to early summer (S2-S3), as this season provides the best conditions for growth. Adlay requires a sunny, well-drained location for optimum growth. A friendly reminder: always fertilize the planting hole before transplanting for better root establishment.

Transplant Techniques

Temperature

0 - 43 ℃

Adlay is indigenous to environments where temperatures generally range from 68 to 100.4 °F (20 to 38 ℃). In its preferred settings, adjustment for temperature is often unnecessary across varying seasons.

Temp for Healthy Growth

Feng shui direction

Northeast

The adlay plant is deemed harmonious with the Northeast direction in Feng Shui culture. This stems from the plant's earthy, grounding energy, which resonates with the Earth element dominant in that direction. However, interpretations can vary, respecting the fluid nature of Feng Shui perspectives.

Fengshui Details

Plants Related to Adlay

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Strangler Fig

Strangler Fig (Ficus thonningii) is an evergreen tree with multiple uses. The fruits are food for both humans and animals, the bark can be used to create fiber cloth, and the wood is used as timber and fuel. The scientific epithet refers to Peter Thonning (1775-1848), who was a Danish plant collector.

Mexican fireplant

Mexican fireplant is native to tropical America, but it has been naturalized in other tropical and subtropical regions in the world. *Euphorbia heterophylla* is a poisonous plant to humans and livestock. It contains a toxic milky sap which can cause strong skin irritation.

Dove weed

Dove weed is an invasive weed that appears in many southern lawns. It has thick, dark green leaves and clusters of small bluish flowers. It is also called Turkey Mullein because turkeys and doves are attracted to its seeds, however, the foliage is toxic to animals.

Turkey tangle

Phyla nodiflora is a perennial herb that's referred to as turkey tangle. It is widely used as an ornamental ground cover plant when grown intentionally, but also has a reputation as a lawn weed. Turkey tangle is not an uncommon sight around marshes, where ducks and geese will munch on its leaves.

Tutsan

Tutsan (Hypericum androsaemum) is related to the more common St. John's Wort. It is native to Europe, Iran, and the Mediterranean region. This fast-growing plant is considered invasive in some countries - particularly in Australia where neither livestock nor any wild animals will eat it.

Common stork's-bill

Common stork's-bill (Erodium cicutarium) is a hardy species most at home in deserts or other dry conditions. Common stork's-bill is also referred to as pinweed. It has pin-shaped or stork-bill-shaped seed pods that burst explosively to propel seeds away from the parent plant. The unique spiral tails of the seeds then push them slowly into the dirt as the air around changes humidity and temperature.

Poison ivy

In pop culture, poison ivy is a symbol of an obnoxious weed because, despite its unthreatening looks, it gives a highly unpleasant contact rash to the unfortunate person who touches it. Still, it is commonly eaten by many animals, and the seeds are a favorite with birds. The leaves turn bright red in fall. Its sister species, Western poison ivy (Toxicodendron rydbergii), is not considered to be invasive in the United States, but is noxious in Australia and New Zealand.

Pokeweed

Although its berries look juicy and tempting, the fruits and the root of pokeweed are toxic and should not be eaten. Pokeweed is considered a pest species by farmers but is nevertheless often grown as an ornamental plant. Its berries can be made into pokeberry ink as well.

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Adlay

Coix lacryma-jobi

Also known as: Tear grass, Adley millet, Coixseed

Adlay, or Coix lacryma-jobi, is a type of grain native to Asia. Early records show it was used to brew beer as early as 3000 B.C., while the hard grains were also used as beads for necklaces. This type of millet is a tropical perennial grain.

Hardiness Zones

8 to 11

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Care Guide for Adlay

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Soil Care

Sand, Loam, Chalky, Acidic, Neutral

Ideal Lighting

Full sun, Partial sun

Ideal Temperature

8 to 11

Planting Time

Mid spring, Late spring

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Questions About Adlay

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Watering

Pruning

Sunlight

Temperature

Fertilizing

What is the best way to water my Adlay?

What should I do if I water my Adlay too much or too little?

How often should I water my Adlay?

How much water does my Adlay need?

How can I tell if i'm watering my Adlay enough?

How should I water my Adlay through the seasons?

How should I water my Adlay at different growth stages?

What's the difference between watering Adlay indoors and outdoors?

Is pruning necessary for my Adlay?

How do I prune my Adlay?

Are there any cautions I should be careful with when pruning my Adlay?

Are there any tips for pruning my Adlay?

When should/shouldn't I prune my Adlay?

What should I look for when pruning my Adlay in different seasons?

How much sunlight should Adlay get per day to grow healthily?

What type of sunlight does Adlay need?

Can sunlight hurt plants? How to protect Adlay from sun and heat damage?

Should I protect Adlay from sun exposure?

What will happen if Adlay gets inadequate sunlight?

Does Adlay need special care about sunlight during its different growth stages?

How much light does Adlay need for photosynthesis?

Are there any cautions or tips for sunlight and Adlay?

What is the optimal temperature for Adlay?

Should I adjust the temperature for Adlay during different growing phases?

How can I keep Adlay warm in cold seasons?

How can I save Adlay from temperature damage?

Should I adjust the temperature for Adlay in different seasons?

What damage will Adlay suffer if the temperature is too high/low?

What tips and cautions should I keep in mind when it comes to temperature for Adlay?

How can I keep Adlay warm without a heat pad?

How can I provide Adlay with an adequate temperature condition?

Under what conditions should I stop adjusting the temperature for Adlay?

Why do I need to fertilize my Adlay?

When is the best time to fertilize my Adlay?

When should I avoid fertilizing my Adlay?

What type of fertilizer does my Adlay need?

How do I fertilize my Adlay?

What happens if I fertilize my Adlay too much?

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Key Facts About Adlay

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Attributes of Adlay

Lifespan

Annual, Perennial

Plant Type

Herb

Planting Time

Mid spring, Late spring

Bloom Time

Summer, Fall

Plant Height

91 cm to 1.2 m

Leaf Color

Green

Flower Size

2.5 cm

Flower Color

Green

Fruit Color

Black

White

Silver

Gray

Leaf type

Deciduous

Ideal Temperature

20 - 38 ℃

Growth Season

Summer, Fall

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Scientific Classification of Adlay

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Monocotyledons

Order

Grasses, sedges and allies

Family

Grass

Genus

Job's tears

Species

Adlay

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Common Pests & Diseases About Adlay

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Common issues for Adlay based on 10 million real cases

Leaf scorch

Leaf blight causes leaves to dry out and turn brown starting at their tips.

Learn More About the Leaf scorch

Fruit rot

Soft rot in the fruit can have a variety of causes.

Learn More About the Fruit rot

Aphids

Aphids are small, pear-shaped insects that come in a variety of semi-translucent colors. They suck sap from plants.

Learn More About the Aphids

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Distribution of Adlay

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Habitat of Adlay

Wet places in grassland in the foothills

Northern Hemisphere

South Hemisphere

Distribution Map of Adlay

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Potentially invasive

Exotic

No species reported

More Info on Adlay Growth and Care

Basic Care Guide

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Plants Related to Adlay

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Indoor

Requirements

Full sun

Ideal

Above 6 hours sunlight

Partial sun

Tolerance

About 3-6 hours sunlight

Watch how sunlight gracefully moves through your garden, and choose spots that provide the perfect balance of light and shade for your plants, ensuring their happiness.

Essentials

Preferred

Tolerable

Unsuitable

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Artificial lighting

Indoor plants require adequate lighting for optimal growth. When natural sunlight is insufficient, particularly in winter or in less sunny spaces, artificial lights offer a vital solution, promoting faster, healthier growth.
1. Choose the right type of artificial light: LED lights are a popular choice for indoor plant lighting because they can be customized to provide the specific wavelengths of light that your plants need.
Full sun plants need 30-50W/sq ft of artificial light, partial sun plants need 20-30W/sq ft, and full shade plants need 10-20W/sq ft.
2. Determine the appropriate distance: Place the light source 12-36 inches above the plant to mimic natural sunlight.
3. Determine the duration: Mimic the length of natural daylight hours for your plant species. most plants need 8-12 hours of light per day.

Important Symptoms

Symptoms of Insufficient Light in %s

Adlay, a plant that thrives in full sunlight, is commonly grown outdoors with ample sunlight. When cultivated indoors with inadequate light, it may exhibit subtle symptoms of light deficiency.

(Symptom details and solutions)

Small leaves

New leaves may grow smaller in size compared to the previous ones once they have matured.

Leggy or sparse growth

The spaces between leaves or stems of your Adlay may become longer, resulting in a thin and stretched-out appearance. This can make the plant look sparse and weak, and it may easily break or lean due to its own weight.

Faster leaf drop

When plants are exposed to low light conditions, they tend to shed older leaves early to conserve resources. Within a limited time, these resources can be utilized to grow new leaves until the plant's energy reserves are depleted.

Slower or no new growth

Adlay enters a survival mode when light conditions are poor, which leads to a halt in leaf production. As a result, the plant's growth becomes delayed or stops altogether.

Lighter-colored new leaves

Insufficient sunlight can cause leaves to develop irregular color patterns or appear pale. This indicates a lack of chlorophyll and essential nutrients.

Solutions

1. To ensure optimal growth, gradually move plants to a sunnier location each week, until they receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Use a south-facing window and keep curtains open during the day for maximum sunlight exposure and nutrient accumulation.2. To provide additional light for your plant, consider using artificial light if it's large or not easily movable. Keep a desk or ceiling lamp on for at least 8 hours daily, or invest in professional plant grow lights for ample light.

Symptoms of Excessive light in %s

Adlay thrives in full sun exposure and can tolerate intense sunlight. With their remarkable resilience, symptoms of sunburn may not be easily visible, as they rarely suffer from it.

(Symptom details and solutions)

Chlorosis

Chlorosis is a condition where the plant's leaves lose their green color and turn yellow. This is due to the breakdown of chlorophyll from excessive sunlight, which negatively affects the plant's ability to photosynthesize.

Sunscald

Sunscald occurs when the plant's leaves or stems are damaged by intense sunlight exposure. It appears as pale, bleached, or necrotic areas on the plant tissue and can reduce the plant's overall health.

Leaf Curling

Leaf curling is a symptom where leaves curl or twist under extreme sunlight conditions. This is a defense mechanism used by the plant to reduce its surface area exposed to sunlight, minimizing water loss and damage.

Wilting

Wilting occurs when a plant loses turgor pressure and its leaves and stems begin to droop. Overexposure to sunlight can cause wilting by increasing the plant's water loss through transpiration, making it difficult for the plant to maintain adequate hydration.

Leaf Scorching

Leaf scorching is a symptom characterized by the appearance of brown, dry, and crispy edges or patches on leaves due to excessive sunlight. This can lead to a reduction in photosynthetic capacity and overall plant health.

Solutions

1. Move your plant to the optimal position where it can receive abundant sunlight but also have some shade. An east-facing window is an ideal choice as the morning sunlight is gentler. This way, your plant can enjoy ample sunlight while reducing the risk of sunburn.2. It is recommended to trim off any completely dehydrated or withered parts of the plant.

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Indoor

Requirements

Ideal

Tolerable

Unsuitable

Just like people, each plant has its own preferences. Learn about your plants' temperature needs and create a comforting environment for them to flourish. As you care for your plants, your bond with them will deepen. Trust your intuition as you learn about their temperature needs, celebrating the journey you share. Lovingly monitor the temperature around your plants and adjust their environment as needed. A thermometer can be your ally in this heartfelt endeavor. Be patient and gentle with yourself as you explore your plants' temperature needs. Cherish your successes, learn from challenges, and nurture your garden with love, creating a haven that reflects the warmth of your care.

Essentials

Regional wintering strategies

Adlay has some cold tolerance and generally does not require any additional measures when the temperature is above {Tolerable_growing_temperature_min}. However, if the temperature is expected to drop below {Tolerable_growing_temperature_min}, it is necessary to take some temporary measures for cold protection, such as wrapping the plant with plastic film, fabric, or other materials. Once the temperature rises again, the protective measures should be removed promptly.

Important Symptoms

Symptoms of Low Temperature in Adlay

Adlay has moderate tolerance to low temperatures and thrives best when the temperature is above {Suitable_growth_temperature_min}. During winter, it should be kept above {Tolerable_growing_temperature_min}. When the temperature falls below {Limit_growth_temperature}, the leaves may start to droop. In mild cases, they can recover, but in severe cases, the leaves will wilt and eventually fall off.

Solutions

Trim off the frost-damaged parts. Prior to encountering low temperatures again, wrap the plant with materials such as non-woven fabric or cloth, and construct a wind barrier to protect it from the cold wind.

Symptoms of High Temperature in Adlay

During summer, Adlay should be kept below {Suitable_growth_temperature_max}. When the temperature exceeds {Tolerable_growing_temperature_max}, the color of the leaves becomes lighter, the leaf tips may become dry and withered, the leaves may curl, and the plant becomes more susceptible to sunburn.

Solutions

Trim away the sunburned and dried-up parts. Move the plant to a location that provides shade from the midday and afternoon sun, or use a shade cloth to create shade. Water the plant in the morning and evening to keep the soil moist.

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Care Guide for Adlay

Questions About Adlay

More Questions People Also Ask

Key Facts About Adlay

Attributes of Adlay

Scientific Classification of Adlay

Common Pests & Diseases About Adlay

Distribution of Adlay

Habitat of Adlay

Distribution Map of Adlay

More Info on Adlay Growth and Care

Plants Related to Adlay

Care Guide for Adlay

Questions About Adlay

More Questions People Also Ask

Key Facts About Adlay

Attributes of Adlay

Scientific Classification of Adlay

Common Pests & Diseases About Adlay

Distribution of Adlay

Habitat of Adlay

Distribution Map of Adlay

More Info on Adlay Growth and Care

Plants Related to Adlay