Dieffenbachia (Dieffenbachia seguine) Flower, Leaf, Care, Uses

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Plant Encyclopedia > Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia seguine

Also known as : Poison arum

The focal point of a dieffenbachia is the beautiful look and patterns of the foliage, which are often variegated. This plant has showy white blooms, but only flowers in perfect conditions. Use caution, because the dieffenbachia is poisonous; if the sap is ingested it can cause muteness for up to two weeks by numbing the throat and vocal cords.

Water

Every week

Sunlight

Full shade

Toxic to Human & Pets

Care Guide for Dieffenbachia

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Watering Care

The dieffenbachia plant should be watered when the top two inches of soil become dry. In general, the soil should be kept very lightly moist at all times throughout the growing season between spring and fall. The leaves of this species will shrivel if it is not watered frequently enough. With adequate water, the leaves will harden and become more resilient.

Details on Watering Care

Fertilizing Care

The dieffenbachia plant is considered a heavy feeder, so it is advisable to fertilize this species. This plant will grow well with a complete 20-20-20 balanced fertilizer and should be applied every four to six weeks during the active growing season. During dormancy between fall and winter, this species can be fertilized less frequently.

Details on Fertilizing Care

Pruning

Trim the dead, diseased, overgrown branches in winter.

Details on Pruning

Soil Care

Slightly acidic, Neutral

Details on Soil Care

Repotting

Needs excellent drainage in pots.

Details on Repotting

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Dieffenbachia

Water

Every week

Sunlight

Full shade

Hardiness Zones

10 to 12

Planting Time

All year around

Questions About Dieffenbachia

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Watering

Pruning

Sunlight

Temperature

Fertilizing

What is the best way to water my Dieffenbachia?

There are plenty of viable ways to supply your Dieffenbachia with water. If you grow your plant in an indoor pot, for the Dieffenbachias in small pots, you can bring your potted plant to your kitchen sink. Then, use the faucet to add water to the container. By holding the pot in your hands, you should easily notice when the water begins to run through the pot’s drainage holes, at which point you can stop watering. The cold temperature will hurt the plants' root system, so please don't do this during winter or in cold climates. Most of the time, watering via your faucet is permissible for the Dieffenbachia. However, if the local tap water contains a high proportion of fluorine, chlorine or salts, you should consider using rainwater or lake water.

Also, since the Dieffenbachia can respond well to overhead watering and watering directly into the soil, you can use a watering can, hose, or just about any tool you’d like to water it.

What should I do if I water my Dieffenbachia too much or too little?

If you discover that you have underwatered your Dieffenbachia, your first step towards remedying the situation is to give your plant some water. Water deeply until excess water runs from the container’s drainage hole, or if you grow outside, water until the soil has become entirely moist. If you find your Dieffenbachia is receiving too much water, begin by reducing your watering schedule. You also want to address the soil and container your Dieffenbachia grows in. If either the soil or the container makes it difficult for water to drain efficiently, your plant will likely become overwatered again. Resolve the issue by moving your plant to looser soils and/or a container with bigger drainage holes or a more porous material. Also check the location of the plant. If the plant is in places like a corner, then it is recommended to move it to a window or around a door to enhance ventilation. Making sure the plants are in a well-ventilated location can reduce the occurrence of overwatering to some extent.

How often should I water my Dieffenbachia?

The Dieffenbachia is not a species that requires consistent soil moisture. Instead, it is better to allow this plant’s soil to become dry between waterings. If you are like the many gardeners who grow Dieffenbachias in containers, you can judge whether or not it is time to add water by how dry the soil within the container is. For instance, if about top half of the soil in your container has become dry, it is time to add water. You can feel it by inserting your fingers or sticks into the soil or with soil moisture meter. For those who grow the Dieffenbachia outdoors, you can plan to do your watering about once every other week, provided it has not rained recently.

How much water does my Dieffenbachia need?

After waiting for the first several layers of soil surrounding your Dieffenbachia’s root to become dry（top half of the soil）, it is time to add enough water to make them moist again. The amount of water it takes to achieve that goal depends on if you use a container, how large that container is, and how large your plant itself is. For a small Dieffenbachia growing in a small to a medium-sized container, one to two cups may be enough to dampen the soil sufficiently. As you would expect, the volume of water you supply should increase for a larger plant. The best way to make sure your plant has received enough water is to stick your finger or a trowel into the soil and feel whether it is entirely moist. Alternatively, you can water until you see excess water draining from the holes at the bottom of your container.

How can I tell if i'm watering my Dieffenbachia enough?

Overwatering and underwatering are both bad for the health of your Dieffenbachia. These two issues also manifest themselves in subtly different ways when they occur. Dieffenbachia that receives too little water may begin to develop yellow leaves. Underwatering may also cause the leaf margins to become brown and brittle. By contrast, Dieffenbachia that gets overwatered will often show yellow and brown marks on its leaves at the same time. Overwatering can also lead to diseases like root rot, some of which may also be visible on your plant. However, if you know the signs of overwatering and underwatering, you stand a good chance of correcting both issues.

How should I water my Dieffenbachia through the seasons?

During spring and fall, your watering schedule for the Dieffenbachia will remain relatively the same, which will involve watering this plant about once every week. During summer, you may find that the hot weather causes your plant to need more water than usual, especially if it grows where there is a considerable amount of daily light exposure. In the winter, if it's hard to find some warm places for you plant, your Dieffenbachia will enter a dormant growth phase, in which it will need far less water than usual. At this time, you may get by without watering your plant at all. If you do choose to water during winter, you should not do so more often than once every two to three weeks.

How should I water my Dieffenbachia at different growth stages?

After planting a new, young Dieffenbachia or after transplanting an older Dieffenbachia, you will probably need to give this plant more water than usual. Young plants often need consistent soil moisture during the early stages of their growth to help them adapt to their new growing locations. Transplants also need more water for a brief time to overcome transplant shock. In either case, you may need to water multiple times per week until your plant has exhibited continuous healthy growth. In most situations, your water should be moderate and should never be significant enough to cause overwatering.

What's the difference between watering Dieffenbachia indoors and outdoors?

There are a few reasons why you may need to water an indoor Dieffenbachia more often than one that grows in the ground outdoors. First, indoor growing settings tend to be drier than outdoor ones, often due to the effect of air conditioning units. While thw size of the pot and the soil determines the warer accumulating ability. Additionally, when your plant grows indoors, it will rely on you entirely for its water By contrast, Dieffenbachia that grows outside can receive water from rain. If you are in an area with high rainfall, you may not have to give it extra watering. When there is not enough rain, you should water additionally to ensure that the soil does not dry out completely.

Is pruning necessary for my Dieffenbachia?

It is helpful to lightly prune this plant periodically during the spring and summer. When performing this light pruning, you should search for leaves that have wilted, become discolored, show signs of disease, or have died completely. Remove dead or damaged leaves by cutting their petioles, or trimming off stems that have died. This will increase the light and ventilation of the plant and help it to grow. Some gardeners also choose to remove the flower buds of the Dieffenbachia. However, removing flower buds before they open is a strictly aesthetic decision that will emphasize the beauty of this plant’s showy leaves.

When should I prune my Dieffenbachia?

You can prune your Dieffenbachia any time you notice dead, diseased, or damaged leaves during the growing season. Once you notice such a leave, locate an unwanted leaf, then follow its stem all the way to the bottom of petiole. Removing dead stems will increase the light and ventilation of the plant and help it to grow. you can cut its stem just above the soil’s surface to remove it. Such pruning can take place as needed during spring and summer. Also, this plant can bloom any time between spring and fall, and some gardeners choose to remove flower buds before they have a chance to open. Removing unopened flower buds allows this plant to focus most of its growing energy on its beautiful leaves. However, pruning in this manner does not necessarily influence the plant’s overall health.

How do I prune my Dieffenbachia?

Pruning the Dieffenbachia is as easy as waiting until you notice dead or damaged leaves on your plant. When you recognize these leaves, equip yourself with a pair of sharp and sterile hand pruning shears. Hand pruning shears will work best as larger tools like loppers will not be well suited to the precise cuts you need to make. Once you have a proper set of pruning tools, locate an unwanted leaf, then follow its stem all the way to the bottom of petiole. Removing dead stems will increase the light and ventilation of the plant and help it to grow. Cut the stem just above where it exits the soil to remove it entirely. If you wish to stop this plant from flowering, you can use the same pruning shears to remove any buds before they open. Finally, you may prefer to just trim off dead or damaged portions of the plant, including deadheading spent flowers, to keep it looking its best. This can be done at any time of year. Diseased or damaged stems should be cut right at the soil line and removed completely. Blooms should be cut off just below the flower head.

What should I do after pruning my Dieffenbachia?

Since pruning for the Dieffenbachia should take place periodically throughout the season, what you do after pruning can vary. For instance, if you prune to remove selected leaves and stems from your Dieffenbachia, you won’t need to do anything except continue your regular maintenance routine. At times, you may choose to remove healthier leaves and include them in a display of cut flowers and foliage. However, there is no crucial maintenance task to perform for this plant after typical pruning. The only thing to note is that when watering after pruning, you need to be careful not to touch the wound to prevent fungus from infecting the plant through the fresh wound. Placing Dieffenbachia in a well-ventilated location will also help the wounds to dry out and heal in time. The timely replenishment of Dieffenbachia after pruning will help the Dieffenbachia to recover as soon as possible.

Are there any important tips when pruning my Dieffenbachia?

For your major pruning, use sharp pruning sheers that will make clean cuts to avoid damaging your plants. As you are pruning your Dieffenbachia, step back occasionally to check the appearance of the plant to make sure it has the shape you want and that you are pruning it symmetrically. If the overall growth of the plant is weak, the flowers need to be pruned back in time for flowering to be able to save nutrients for leaf growth and allow the plant to grow more vigorously.

How many hours of sunlight does Dieffenbachia need to grow?

Unlike plants that require full, indirect sunlight, tropical herbs that prefer full shade need very little direct sunlight to grow. These plants typically require only a few hours of indirect light each day to thrive. While you should still place your full shade tropical herb near a window, it's important to ensure that the plant is never exposed to too much sunlight. If you're growing your full shade tropical herb indoors, you can provide it with the necessary light by placing it near a north-facing window or by using a grow light. A fluorescent or LED grow light can help mimic the soft, dappled light that your plant would receive in its natural environment.

What will happen if Dieffenbachia doesn’t get enough sunlight?

If your full shade tropical herb isn't getting enough sunlight, it may become leggy and weak. The leaves may also start to yellow and drop off, and the plant may stop growing. If you notice any of these signs, try moving your plant to a brighter location or providing it with additional light. Be careful not to expose the plant to direct afternoon sunlight, as this can cause sunburn.

What will happen if Dieffenbachia gets too much sunlight?

Tropical herbs that prefer full shade can be extremely sensitive to direct sunlight. If your plant is exposed to too much light, the leaves may start to turn yellow or brown and may eventually drop off. Additionally, the plant may become stunted and stop growing. If you notice any signs of sunburn or overexposure to light, move your plant to a shadier location or provide it with additional shade. In conclusion, understanding the sunlight requirements of your tropical herbs is crucial to keeping them healthy and happy. Full shade tropical herbs require only a few hours of indirect light each day to thrive, and ensure that the plant is never exposed to too much sunlight. By providing your plant with the right amount of light and shade, you can help ensure that it grows strong and healthy.

What is the optimal temperature for Dieffenbachia?

For this tropical plant to thrive, you’ll want to keep them between 75℉ and 90℉ (25-32℃). Each species can handle temperatures outside of this range, but keeping it within several degrees of these limits will ensure they grow to their maximum potential.

As for its extreme temperature limits, any environment below 50℉ (10℃) or above 95℉ (35℃) will begin to hinder its growth and cause various aberrations to its leaves and stems. This is especially true with low temperatures; even a light frost can cause your tropical plants to perish. Cellular death can begin to happen at a rapid pace, with some species dying in as little as 12 to 24 hours.

Does Dieffenbachia require different temperatures for different growing phases?

While Dieffenbachia doesn’t require any changes in temperature to enter different growing phases, it is important to stay consistent. Wild temperature fluctuations can slow down its growth regardless of its current phase, so it's always better to keep them in a controlled environment. That optimal temperature range of 75℉ and 90℉ (25-32℃) is vital to maintain, especially staying above the lower limit. Going above 90℉(32℃) isn’t ideal, but as tropical plant it won’t suffer too much. On the other hand, going below 50℉ (10℃) (and especially 40℉/5℃) will begin to directly damage this heat-loving plant species.

Does Dieffenbachia need different temperatures for different seasons?

Dieffenbachia does not need different temperatures for different growing seasons. The most important step in seasonal care is to keep the environment within the optimal temperature range. That's why it's always best to keep this plant indoors. That way, you can control the temperature no matter what the climate is like outside.

Light is also important for tropical species, with all of these plants preferring a partial side level of sun exposure. This means any light they receive needs to be dappled or filtered, with bright but indirect light being the best option when growing your plants indoors. Too much direct sunlight can negatively affect your plant’s leaves, reducing its growth potential.

What are the temperature guidelines to keep your Dieffenbachia healthy?

Tip #1: Don’t Leave Your Plant Near Windows in Colder Months

If you want to make sure your plant isn’t exposed to colder temperatures, you may want to keep them away from windows. In colder months like late fall and winter, even the smallest draft can leak cold air into your home through cracks in your windows. While this air usually dissipates and warms up as it travels throughout your home, any plants placed in close proximity to the window will be affected. Move your tropical plants into an area where they will still get bright but indirect light, while making sure they won’t be affected by potential drafts.

Tip #2: If You Find Dry Patches, Your Plant May Be Getting Too Much Sunlight or Heat

You may notice the leaves become white or even scorched on a sunny day. These discolorations and unusual markings usually indicate that a plant is getting too much heat or sunlight, and it may be dehydrated. Excess light and heat will dry out the soil, stopping plants from getting the moisture they need to support their cellular structure. It also slows down or stops the process of photosynthesis, further hindering growth. If ignored for too long, these dry spots can spread and eventually result in the death of your plants.

Tip #3: Avoid Frost at All Costs

Colder temperatures and frost can damage your plants by causing ice crystals or disrupt normal physiological activity. This makes it nearly impossible for water to move freely throughout plant tissue, creating a deficit of moisture in their stems and leaves. You can tell a plant has been damaged by frost if it begins to suffer from hydrosis (it will appear as though it's soaked with water.) If the problem persists, your plants may begin shriveling and turning a dark brown or black hue. After that, the plant will almost certainly die.

What is the best way to maintain the right temperature for my Dieffenbachia?

The best way to maintain the right temperature range for Dieffenbachia is by keeping an eye on both the climate and humidity. You’ll want to try to keep each species in a room where you have access to climate control, keeping the heat in the temperature range best mimics its natural habitat. The humidity levels will also have a direct effect on temperature, so it's important to monitor these as well. You can artificially raise the humidity of your growing space by using a humidifier or lightly misting the leaves with water.

If you intend to grow this species outside, you may find it difficult to maintain the right balance of temperature and humidity. If temperatures begin to drop or the air becomes too dry, your best option is to find room within your home and move your plant inside. An indoor growing space will allow you to control the climate more closely, helping your plant reach its full potential.

Why do I need to fertilize my Dieffenbachia?

All plants rely on soil nutrients to facilitate their growth, and the Dieffenbachia is no exception. However, it is not always a guarantee that the soil in which your plants grow will have all of the nutrients required. Fertilization and soil amendments help ensure that the plants in your garden not only have the basic nutrients they need but also that they get the nutrients that are specifically necessary to them.

Dieffenbachia needs fertilizer to ensure that its roots and stems continue to develop in a healthy way throughout the growing season. Fertilization will also help a Dieffenbachia a set of leaves that looks fantastic, which is especially important for this plant since its foliage is its main point of ornamental appeal.

When is the best time to fertilize my Dieffenbachia?

A Dieffenbachia will need the greatest amount of fertilizer during the seasons in which it is actively growing. This active growth phase typically spans most of the months that make up spring, summer, and early fall.

Once winter ends, you should plan to feed your Dieffenbachia about once every two to four weeks. Continue feeding at this rate until the fall months arrive. Once fall arrives, you can reduce your fertilization rate, reducing the amount of fertilizer you give gradually until you cease feedings entirely in anticipation of winter, when the Dieffenbachia will have far less active growth.

When should I avoid fertilizing my Dieffenbachia?

Throughout most of the year, including spring, summer, and most of the fall, you should continue feeding your Dieffenbachia regularly. The only exception to this is if you notice that your Dieffenbachia has received too much fertilizer or if you have managed to fertilize your Dieffenbachia incorrectly, causing fertilizer burn or some other issue that you'll need to remedy before returning to a regular feeding schedule.

The only time of year when you should not fertilize a Dieffenbachia is during winter. If you grow this plant indoors in an area where the winters are cold, it will enter a dormant phase during the winter. Feeding this plant during its dormant phase is not only unnecessary and unhelpful to this plant's growth, but it is also very likely to cause fertilizer burn.

What type of fertilizer does my Dieffenbachia need?

The fertilizer for a Dieffenbachia has a specific blend of nutrients, each of which is present in relatively low amounts. An ideal fertilizer will have an N-P-K ratio of 3-1-2. However, a general-purpose fertilizer that has an even blend of nutrients can work well in some cases. Still, even when using a balanced fertilizer, the ratio number representing the volume of each nutrient should be at 10 or lower.

The fertilizer you use can be either granular or liquid based. If you choose to use a liquid-based fertilizer, it is often best to dilute the strength by half. While there is not much downside to granular fertilizer, it is often most sensible to use liquid fertilizer, especially if you feed your Dieffenbachia while you supply water.

How do I fertilize my Dieffenbachia?

The fertilizer that you purchase for your Dieffenbachia will likely come with application instructions that you should follow in most cases. However, for a Dieffenbachia, you should always fertilize just before or while you are watering the soil, as this will prevent the fertilizer from burning the plant's roots.

If you use a slow-release granular fertilizer, you should sprinkle it on the soil and then provide water immediately after. If you use a liquid-based fertilizer, you should dilute it with water, apply it to the soil, then supply a bit more water. Diluting your fertilizer by at least half is especially important in spring and fall when the plant's growth is ramping up and decelerating, respectively.

What happens if I fertilize my Dieffenbachia too much?

Since it is advisable to fertilize your Dieffenbachia every few weeks throughout the growing season, overfertilization is not often an issue. However, it remains possible for this to occur. If you overfertilize your Dieffenbachia, you may notice accumulations of excess fertilizer on the soil’s surface and foliage discoloration.

Fertilizer burn is the most common issue you should worry about when feeding a Dieffenbachia. This issue occurs when you overfertilize, fail to dilute your fertilizer, or when don’t water during and after fertilization. In any of those cases, the fertilizer can draw moisture out of your plant’s roots, causing it to dry out. Often, fertilizer burn will manifest with browning and yellowing of this plant’s leaves.

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Key Facts About Dieffenbachia

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Attributes of Dieffenbachia

Lifespan

Perennial

Plant Type

Herb

Planting Time

All year around

Bloom Time

Spring, Summer, Fall

Plant Height

91 cm to 3 m

Spread

60 cm to 90 cm

Leaf Color

Green

Yellow

White

Variegated

Gold

Flower Size

8 cm

Flower Color

Green

White

Yellow

Dormancy

Non-dormant

Leaf type

Evergreen

Ideal Temperature

20 - 38 ℃

Symbolism

Protection from negativity

Usages

Garden Use

Dieffenbachia is a common ornamental perennial grown as a houseplant. The lovely variegated leaves are its most prized feature, giving a boost of color and interest to what otherwise may be an uninteresting area of the house. Dieffenbachia is perfect for those who don't have access to an outside garden and want an easy-to-care-for plant to bring indoors. Houseplants that require similar growing conditions, such as the spider plant, will be great companions.

Trivia and Interesting Facts

In a series of viral messages, emails, and articles that can still be found on the internet, dieffenbachia has been portrayed as a deadly plant that can kill children and adults. These claims have proven to be fake. Although it is an irritant, Dieffenbachia seguine is not considered deadly and experts are not aware of any deadly poisoning cases.

Scientific Classification of Dieffenbachia

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Monocotyledons

Order

Water plantains and allies

Family

Arum

Genus

Dumb canes

Species

Dieffenbachia

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Common Pests & Diseases About Dieffenbachia

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Common issues for Dieffenbachia based on 10 million real cases

Brown blotch yellow edge

Brown spot is a fungal disease that affects Dieffenbachia, causing discolored patches on its leaves and possibly leading to plant death if untreated. It's primarily caused by the Bipolaris sorokiniana fungus and is potentially lethal if unchecked.

Wilting

Wilting disease in Dieffenbachia, a common ornamental plant, is a harmful condition characterized by unsightly plant droopiness and saggy appearance, often caused by pathogens or improper plant care and handling. The disease may not only lower plant aesthetics but can also lead to plant death if left unchecked.

Caterpillars

Caterpillars pose a significant threat to Dieffenbachia, known for feeding on the leaves, causing severe damage that can lead to plant death. They target young, succulent leaves, leading to stunted growth and reduced plant vigor.

Leaf rot

Leaf rot is a fungal disease posing a significant threat to Dieffenbachia health and appearance. The disease hinders the plant's photosynthesis process, leading to growth stunting, yellowing, and eventual death if untreated. It's highly infectious and moderately lethal to the plant if unchecked.

Aged yellow and dry

Natural aging can cause leaves to turn yellow and dry out.

Solutions: If the yellowing and drying of leaves and flowers is a natural progression due to age, nothing can be done to slow or stop the process. Once hormones within the plant begin the process of senescence, it’s irreversible.

Brown spot

This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.

Solutions: In minor cases of brown spot, there isn’t any need to treat the disease. However, if much of the foliage is affected and defoliation occurs, the plant will benefit from getting rid of the infection. It is recommended to start by applying organic treatment options, working up to the more potent synthetic, chemical fungicides if necessary. Organic options won’t kill the fungus, but will prevent it from spreading. Dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda and one teaspoon of liquid soap in a gallon of water. Using a spray bottle, spray on tops and bottoms of leaves until the mixture drips off. Repeat every two weeks until existing spots stop enlarging and new spots no longer appear. Spray a copper-based fungicidal soap on the leaves, coating the top and bottom leaf surfaces. Reapply as directed on the product label. Copper penetrates the leaf surface and prevents germination of spores so the fungus cannot spread. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully.

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Dieffenbachia and Their Toxicity

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* The judgment on toxicity and danger is for reference only. We DO NOT GUARANTEE any accuracy of such judgment. Therefore, you SHALL NOT rely on such judgment. It is IMPORTANT TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL ADVICE in advance when necessary.

Moderate Toxic to Humans

If either ingested or touched, dieffenbachia can cause negative reactions. The symptoms range from moderate to severe and can be dangerous if airways are blocked. Due to the calcium oxalate contained in this plant, its leaves and sap have toxic properties. When ingested, they can induce symptoms such as lip and tongue swelling, drooling, speech loss, and difficulty breathing; when touched, they can cause a painful skin rash or eye irritation. Since these plants are often found indoors as decorative plants, be careful when keeping them around small children. Always wear gloves when handling this plant.

Toxic to Dogs

All parts of the dieffenbachia are moderately toxic to dogs when ingested. Symptoms include burning and swelling of the lips, tongue, and throat due to the sap's needle-like crystals embedding in the tissues. Difficulty swallowing, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur; a trip to the vet may be necessary if these symptoms grow more severe, as they are sometimes fatal. Even topical exposure to the sap can cause skin irritation.

Toxic to Cats

Dieffenbachia (Dieffenbachia seguine) is moderately toxic to pets. Chewing any part of the plant will release calcium oxalate crystals that irritate the mouth, causing pain and swelling, and ingestion may cause vomiting. Occasionally the airway will swell as well, rendering it difficult for the cat to breathe. In such cases, veterinary intervention may be necessary.

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Distribution of Dieffenbachia

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Habitat of Dieffenbachia

Edge of a wetland slough, trail up mountain, mature forest

Northern Hemisphere

South Hemisphere

Distribution Map of Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia's native range centers around the Gulf of Mexico, where it grows on humid forest floors. It is cultivated around the world as an ornamental and popular houseplant, and has become established in other tropical regions in the Indopacific and western Mexico.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Potentially invasive

Exotic

No species reported

More Info on Dieffenbachia Growth and Care

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Basic Care Guide

Common Pests & Diseases

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Water

Every week

Dieffenbachia is native to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America, including regions in Mexico, Brazil, and Costa Rica. In its natural habitat, it grows on the forest floor where it benefits from high humidity and indirect sunlight. The significant rainfall in these regions indicates that dieffenbachia requires regular watering to thrive. It's important to keep the soil consistently moist, without letting it become waterlogged, to mimic its native environment and ensure its well-being.

Watering Techniques

Lighting

Full shade

For healthy growth, dieffenbachia needs minimal exposure to sunlight, much like its native habitat under dense forest canopies. It's able to withstand some sunlight, albeit less intense durations. Inadequate light can slow its growth and too much may cause leaf scorch.

Best Sunlight Practices

Temperature

5 - 43 ℃

For dieffenbachia, the native growth environment related to temperature requirements is tropical and subtropical regions. It prefers temperatures ranging from 68 to 100 ℉ (20 to 38 ℃). During the winter months, it is suggested to keep the plant in a room with a temperature of at least 60 ℉ (15.5 ℃).

Temp for Healthy Growth

Transplant

1-2 feet

The perfect time for transplanting dieffenbachia is mid-spring to late-spring, or mid-fall to late-fall, as these seasons provide optimal growing conditions. When transplanting, choose a location with bright, indirect sunlight, and maintain a consistent temperature. Remember to handle dieffenbachia with care, as it can be sensitive to disturbance.

Transplant Techniques

Overwinter

5 - 43 ℃

Dieffenbachia thrives in the warm, tropical environments of Central and South America, and naturally avoids below-freezing temperatures. Its tropical nature makes it ill-suited to cold winters, often causing leaf drop. For winter care, gardeners should maintain indoor temperatures above 16°C and high humidity, mimicking its native habitat. Beware: too low temperatures or excessive draught can lead to plant stress, turning the leaves yellow, and slowing growth.

Winter Techniques

Pruning

Spring, Summer, Autumn

Known for its large, variegated leaves, dieffenbachia is a popular indoor foliage plant. Pruning should focus on removing yellow or damaged leaves, and trimming can encourage bushier growth. The best time to prune is from early spring to late fall, coinciding with its active growth phase. Always wear gloves to protect from the plant's irritating sap. Pruning benefits dieffenbachia by maintaining a compact shape and promoting healthier, more robust foliage.

Pruning techniques

Propagation

Spring, Summer

Dieffenbachia is best propagated by cuttings during the warm seasons of spring and summer. This plant has a moderate propagation difficulty, and successful growth can be identified by the emergence of new leaves. Ensure high humidity and a well-draining medium for best results.

Propagation Techniques

Brown blotch yellow edge

Learn More About the Disease

Wilting

Learn More About the Disease

Caterpillars

Learn More About the Disease

Leaf rot

Learn More About the Disease

Toxic

Moderate Toxic to Humans

Toxic Details

Feng shui direction

Southeast

Dieffenbachia is considered to have decent compatibility with Feng Shui principles. Its lush foliage is believed to create a positive energy flow. Placing dieffenbachia in the Southeast facing direction may attract wealth and abundance, as this area represents the wood element, which nurtures the growth and vitality of dieffenbachia.

Fengshui Details

Plants Related to Dieffenbachia

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Sweet william

There are two thoughts on the origin of the sweet william name. The first is that it was named after the Duke of Cumberland, William Augustus. The second is that the name came from the writings of Thomas Tusser, an English poet. In either case, this old-fashioned garden plant (Dianthus barbatus) is a lovely addition to any space.

Zebra plant

Zebra plant (Aphelandra squarrosa) is a flowering plant species that is often cultivated as a houseplant. This species grows best in bright sunlight and high humidity. Zebra plant soil should be kept moist without overwatering for best results indoors.

False shamrock

False shamrock (Oxalis triangularis) is a native lobed perennial plant that grows throughout South America. The three-leaved shape gives this plant its name, but the leaves are also remarkable for their purple color. This color makes the false shamrock a popular ornamental plant for hanging baskets. This plant is edible but should be consumed only in small amounts due to the presence of oxalic acid.

Cherry plum

Cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera) is a deciduous small tree or shrub native to Southern Europe and Western Asia. It is one of the most common wild fruits of its native region, producing numerous rounded, yellow, red, or burgundy-colored sweet juicy fruit in summer and autumn. Cherry plum is also used as an ornamental tree and as rootstock for other Prunus species.

Siberian lily

The siberian lily (Lilium pensylvanicum) is a flowering plant native to Siberia, Mongolia, Korea, northeastern China, and Hokkaido in Japan. The original Latin name Lilium pensylvanicum by botanist John Bellenden Ker is misleading. Siberian lily is considered easy to grow. It is sensitive to drought conditions.

Angel's trumpet

Angel's trumpet is a showy and unique addition to any garden and is prized for its flowers which have a trumpet shape and a variety of colors including yellow, orange, white, pink, or red. Use extreme caution, however, as all parts of angel's trumpet are poisonous when ingested.

Cape jasmine

Gardenia jasminoides is an evergreen shrub with unique, glossy evergreen leaves and stunning flowers. The sophisticated, matte white flowers are often used in bouquets. The exceptional beauty of this ornamental plant has made it a popular and highly appreciated plant amongst gardeners and horticulturalists.

Golden pothos

The golden pothos (Epipremnum aureum) is a popular houseplant that is commonly seen in Australia, Asia, and the West Indies. It goes by many nicknames, including "devil's ivy", because it is so hard to kill and can even grow in low light conditions. Golden pothos has poisonous sap, so it should be kept away from pets and children.

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Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia seguine

Also known as: Poison arum

Water

Every week

Sunlight

Full shade

Toxic to Human & Pets

Care Guide for Dieffenbachia

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Watering Care

Fertilizing Care

Pruning

Trim the dead, diseased, overgrown branches in winter.

Soil Care

Slightly acidic, Neutral

Repotting

Needs excellent drainage in pots.

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Questions About Dieffenbachia

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Watering

Pruning

Sunlight

Temperature

Fertilizing

What is the best way to water my Dieffenbachia?

What should I do if I water my Dieffenbachia too much or too little?

How often should I water my Dieffenbachia?

How much water does my Dieffenbachia need?

How can I tell if i'm watering my Dieffenbachia enough?

How should I water my Dieffenbachia through the seasons?

How should I water my Dieffenbachia at different growth stages?

What's the difference between watering Dieffenbachia indoors and outdoors?

Is pruning necessary for my Dieffenbachia?

When should I prune my Dieffenbachia?

How do I prune my Dieffenbachia?

What should I do after pruning my Dieffenbachia?

Are there any important tips when pruning my Dieffenbachia?

How many hours of sunlight does Dieffenbachia need to grow?

What will happen if Dieffenbachia doesn’t get enough sunlight?

What will happen if Dieffenbachia gets too much sunlight?

What is the optimal temperature for Dieffenbachia?

Does Dieffenbachia require different temperatures for different growing phases?

Does Dieffenbachia need different temperatures for different seasons?

What are the temperature guidelines to keep your Dieffenbachia healthy?

What is the best way to maintain the right temperature for my Dieffenbachia?

Why do I need to fertilize my Dieffenbachia?

When is the best time to fertilize my Dieffenbachia?

When should I avoid fertilizing my Dieffenbachia?

What type of fertilizer does my Dieffenbachia need?

How do I fertilize my Dieffenbachia?

What happens if I fertilize my Dieffenbachia too much?

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Key Facts About Dieffenbachia

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Attributes of Dieffenbachia

Lifespan

Perennial

Plant Type

Herb

Planting Time

All year around

Bloom Time

Spring, Summer, Fall

Plant Height

91 cm to 3 m

Spread

60 cm to 90 cm

Leaf Color

Green

Yellow

White

Variegated

Gold

Flower Size

8 cm

Flower Color

Green

White

Yellow

Dormancy

Non-dormant

Leaf type

Evergreen

Ideal Temperature

20 - 38 ℃

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Symbolism

Protection from negativity

Usages

Garden Use

Trivia and Interesting Facts

Scientific Classification of Dieffenbachia

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Monocotyledons

Order

Water plantains and allies

Family

Arum

Genus

Dumb canes

Species

Dieffenbachia

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Common Pests & Diseases About Dieffenbachia

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Common issues for Dieffenbachia based on 10 million real cases

Brown blotch yellow edge

Learn More About the Brown blotch yellow edge

Wilting

Learn More About the Wilting

Caterpillars

Learn More About the Caterpillars

Leaf rot

Learn More About the Leaf rot

Aged yellow and dry

Natural aging can cause leaves to turn yellow and dry out.

Learn More About the Aged yellow and dry

Brown spot

This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.

Learn More About the Brown spot

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Dieffenbachia and Their Toxicity

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Moderate Toxic to Humans

More Info About Toxicity

Toxic to Dogs

More Info About Toxicity

Toxic to Cats

More Info About Toxicity

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Distribution of Dieffenbachia

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Habitat of Dieffenbachia

Edge of a wetland slough, trail up mountain, mature forest

Northern Hemisphere

South Hemisphere

Distribution Map of Dieffenbachia

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Potentially invasive

Exotic

No species reported

More Info on Dieffenbachia Growth and Care

Basic Care Guide

Common Pests & Diseases

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Spring, Summer, Autumn

Propagation

Spring, Summer

Brown blotch yellow edge

Moderate Toxic to Humans

Feng shui direction

Southeast

Plants Related to Dieffenbachia

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Indoor

Requirements

Full shade

Ideal

Less than 3 hours of sunlight

Partial sun

Tolerance

About 3-6 hours sunlight

Watch how sunlight gracefully moves through your garden, and choose spots that provide the perfect balance of light and shade for your plants, ensuring their happiness.

Essentials

Preferred

Tolerable

Unsuitable

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Artificial lighting

Indoor plants require adequate lighting for optimal growth. When natural sunlight is insufficient, particularly in winter or in less sunny spaces, artificial lights offer a vital solution, promoting faster, healthier growth.
1. Choose the right type of artificial light: LED lights are a popular choice for indoor plant lighting because they can be customized to provide the specific wavelengths of light that your plants need.
Full sun plants need 30-50W/sq ft of artificial light, partial sun plants need 20-30W/sq ft, and full shade plants need 10-20W/sq ft.
2. Determine the appropriate distance: Place the light source 12-36 inches above the plant to mimic natural sunlight.
3. Determine the duration: Mimic the length of natural daylight hours for your plant species. most plants need 8-12 hours of light per day.

Important Symptoms

Symptoms of Insufficient Light in %s

Dieffenbachia thrives in shaded environments and can tolerate low-light conditions. As a result, symptoms of light deficiency may not be easily noticeable, making it crucial to provide adequate light for optimal growth.

(Symptom details and solutions)

Lighter-colored new leaves

Insufficient sunlight can cause leaves to develop irregular color patterns or appear pale. This indicates a lack of chlorophyll and essential nutrients.

Leggy or sparse growth

The spaces between leaves or stems of your dieffenbachia may become longer, resulting in a thin and stretched-out appearance. This can make the plant look sparse and weak, and it may easily break or lean due to its own weight.

Loss of variegation

In less-than-ideal conditions, plants produce more chlorophyll to increase photosynthesis. Some variegated varieties, like dieffenbachia, may experience a reduction in variegation or even completely turn green in their new leaves.

Small leaves

New leaves may grow smaller in size compared to the previous ones once they have matured.

Faster leaf drop

When plants are exposed to low light conditions, they tend to shed older leaves early to conserve resources. Within a limited time, these resources can be utilized to grow new leaves until the plant's energy reserves are depleted.

Solutions

1. Move your plants to the best spot for sunlight until they can receive ample filtered light, including brief periods of direct morning sunlight. Ideally, place them 1-2 meters away from a window.2. To provide additional light for your plant, consider using artificial light if it's large or not easily movable. Keep a desk or ceiling lamp on for at least 8 hours daily, or invest in professional plant grow lights for ample light.

Symptoms of Excessive light in %s

Dieffenbachia prefers shade and is sensitive to direct sunlight. Due to this sensitivity, they are prone to developing sunburn symptoms, which easily occur when exposed to direct sunlight.

(Symptom details and solutions)

Chlorosis

Chlorosis is a condition where the plant's leaves lose their green color and turn yellow. This is due to the breakdown of chlorophyll from excessive sunlight, which negatively affects the plant's ability to photosynthesize.

Sunscald

Sunscald occurs when the plant's leaves or stems are damaged by intense sunlight exposure. It appears as pale, bleached, or necrotic areas on the plant tissue and can reduce the plant's overall health.

Leaf Curling

Leaf curling is a symptom where leaves curl or twist under extreme sunlight conditions. This is a defense mechanism used by the plant to reduce its surface area exposed to sunlight, minimizing water loss and damage.

Wilting

Wilting occurs when a plant loses turgor pressure and its leaves and stems begin to droop. Overexposure to sunlight can cause wilting by increasing the plant's water loss through transpiration, making it difficult for the plant to maintain adequate hydration.

Leaf Scorching

Leaf scorching is a symptom characterized by the appearance of brown, dry, and crispy edges or patches on leaves due to excessive sunlight. This can lead to a reduction in photosynthetic capacity and overall plant health.

Solutions

1. Move your plant to the optimal position where it can receive ample filtered light without direct sunlight. Find a spot with abundant filtered light that doesn't expose the plant to direct rays.2. It is recommended to trim off any completely dehydrated or withered parts of the plant.

Discover information about plant diseases, toxicity, weed control and more.

Indoor

Requirements

Ideal

Tolerable

Unsuitable

Just like people, each plant has its own preferences. Learn about your plants' temperature needs and create a comforting environment for them to flourish. As you care for your plants, your bond with them will deepen. Trust your intuition as you learn about their temperature needs, celebrating the journey you share. Lovingly monitor the temperature around your plants and adjust their environment as needed. A thermometer can be your ally in this heartfelt endeavor. Be patient and gentle with yourself as you explore your plants' temperature needs. Cherish your successes, learn from challenges, and nurture your garden with love, creating a haven that reflects the warmth of your care.

Essentials

Regional wintering strategies

Dieffenbachia is extremely heat-loving, and any cold temperatures can cause harm to it. In the autumn, it is recommended to bring outdoor-grown Dieffenbachia indoors and place it near a bright window, but it should be kept at a certain distance from heaters. Maintaining temperatures above {Suitable_growth_temperature_min} during winter is beneficial for plant growth. Any temperatures approaching {Tolerable_growing_temperature_min} are detrimental to the plant.

Important Symptoms

Symptoms of Low Temperature in Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia prefers warm temperatures and is not tolerant of low temperatures. It thrives best when the temperature is above {Suitable_growth_temperature_min}. During winter, it should be kept above {Tolerable_growing_temperature_min}. When the temperature falls below {Limit_growth_temperature}, the leaves may lighten in color. After frost damage, the color gradually turns brown or black, and symptoms such as wilting and drooping may occur.

Solutions

Trim off the frost-damaged parts. Immediately move indoors to a warm environment for cold protection. Choose a spot near a south-facing window to place the plant, ensuring ample sunlight. Additionally, avoid placing the plant near heaters or air conditioning vents to prevent excessive dryness in the air.

Symptoms of High Temperature in Dieffenbachia

During summer, Dieffenbachia should be kept below {Suitable_growth_temperature_max}. When the temperature exceeds {Tolerable_growing_temperature_max}, the color of the leaves becomes lighter, and the plant becomes more susceptible to sunburn.

Solutions

Trim away the sunburned and dried-up parts. Move the plant to a location that provides shade from the midday and afternoon sun. Water the plant in the morning and evening to keep the soil moist.

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Care Guide for Dieffenbachia

Questions About Dieffenbachia

More Questions People Also Ask

Key Facts About Dieffenbachia

Attributes of Dieffenbachia

Symbolism

Usages

Trivia and Interesting Facts

Scientific Classification of Dieffenbachia

Common Pests & Diseases About Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia and Their Toxicity

Distribution of Dieffenbachia

Habitat of Dieffenbachia

Distribution Map of Dieffenbachia

More Info on Dieffenbachia Growth and Care

Plants Related to Dieffenbachia

Care Guide for Dieffenbachia

Questions About Dieffenbachia

More Questions People Also Ask

Key Facts About Dieffenbachia

Attributes of Dieffenbachia

Symbolism

Usages

Trivia and Interesting Facts

Scientific Classification of Dieffenbachia

Common Pests & Diseases About Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia and Their Toxicity

Distribution of Dieffenbachia

Habitat of Dieffenbachia

Distribution Map of Dieffenbachia

More Info on Dieffenbachia Growth and Care

Plants Related to Dieffenbachia

Care Guide for Dieffenbachia

Questions About Dieffenbachia

More Questions People Also Ask

Key Facts About Dieffenbachia

Attributes of Dieffenbachia

Symbolism

Usages

Trivia and Interesting Facts

Scientific Classification of Dieffenbachia

Common Pests & Diseases About Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia and Their Toxicity

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Bittersweet Nightshade

Buttercups

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How to Tend to Poisonous Plants

How to Get Rid of Poisonous Plants

Aloe

Philodendron

Peace Lily

Snake Plant

Daffodil

Hydrangea

Rhododendrons

Rhubarb

Bittersweet Nightshade

Buttercups

Foxgloves

How to Tend to Poisonous Plants

How to Get Rid of Poisonous Plants

Distribution of Dieffenbachia

Habitat of Dieffenbachia

Distribution Map of Dieffenbachia

More Info on Dieffenbachia Growth and Care

Plants Related to Dieffenbachia

Care Guide for Dieffenbachia

Questions About Dieffenbachia

More Questions People Also Ask

Key Facts About Dieffenbachia

Attributes of Dieffenbachia

Symbolism

Usages

Trivia and Interesting Facts

Scientific Classification of Dieffenbachia

Common Pests & Diseases About Dieffenbachia

Dieffenbachia and Their Toxicity

Aloe

Philodendron

Peace Lily

Snake Plant

Daffodil

Hydrangea

Rhododendrons

Rhubarb

Bittersweet Nightshade

Buttercups

Foxgloves

How to Tend to Poisonous Plants

How to Get Rid of Poisonous Plants

Aloe

Philodendron

Peace Lily

Snake Plant

Daffodil

Hydrangea

Rhododendrons

Rhubarb

Bittersweet Nightshade

Buttercups

Foxgloves

How to Tend to Poisonous Plants

How to Get Rid of Poisonous Plants

Distribution of Dieffenbachia