Puya (Puya mirabilis) Flower, Leaf, Care, Uses

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Home > Plant Encyclopedia > Puya

More Info

Bloom Time

Spring, Summer, Early fall, Mid fall

Leaf Color

Green

Silver

Bronze

Scientific Classification

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Monocotyledons

Order

Grasses, sedges and allies

Family

Bromeliad

Genus

Puya

Species

Puya

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Distribution Map

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Potentially invasive

Exotic

No species reported

Questions About Puya

Watering

Sunlight

Temperature

What’s the best method to water Puya?

One way to produce a healthy Puya is to put a saucer under the potted plant. This way, you’ll avoid the roots from sitting on too much water and give these species consistent humidity over time. You’ll also allow evaporation of the water this way.

Another method is the approach of soak and dry. This helps the Puya develop a healthy root system that seeks moisture and water during periods of drought. You can think about the plant living on rocky cliffs and rocky crevices. They get downpours and flash floods of water from storms that can last up to 24 hours; then, there will be periods of drought for weeks, so following their natural habitat can greatly help.

What should I do if I water my Puya too much/too little?

Overwatering the Puya can have a negative impact on the plant. They might develop root rot, especially if the soil is constantly wet or the potting mix clogs out of the water. Overwatered plants can have yellowing leaves that feel mushy and soft from overwatering. When you start to see that the leaves begin to droop, wilt, and become yellow, these are the signs of too much watering. The plants might not get enough air, this can lead to the death of the entire root or even the whole plant. Water them correctly when the soil becomes dry to prevent this from happening.

Under watering can generally stop the plants’ growth. This will give them a wilted look, but they can quickly recover once given enough water. Allow the plant to dry between watering for optimal growth.

Some of the symptoms of underwatering to know about are wilting, dead leaf tips, and slow growth. Sagging is a classic sign of underwatering where the cells of the plants lose their rigidity. Others will have brown leaf tips that can lead to the death of the entire leaf, and there’s the slow growth of new leaves. Even if there’s new growth, they can be smaller and do not display a bright green color as the existing ones.

How often should I water my Puya?

The Puya generally requires water at least once every 2 weeks. These plants are not considered to be succulents. Instead, they are xerographic, where they can survive for weeks without water by going dormant. They don’t store water in their leaves, so you might want to balance the moisture they receive to keep them happy. However, it’s important to only water when you see that the container’s dry but slightly moist.

Watering in the fall is not a requirement, especially if your area is getting a decent amount of rain. The soil won’t dry out too quickly, so stop watering when the temperature is below 40 ℉.

In winter, the plants go dormant, so there’s no need to water them. Let them rest and recover for a few weeks. During their growing season in the spring, water them deeply and thoroughly once every two weeks so they will produce new leaves and grow more. In the summer, water once a week when the weather becomes too hot and dry. These plants are drought tolerant but going without water for a few weeks is not optimal for their growth.

How much water does my Puya need?

Puya needs 5% to 24% of moisture to grow. When you notice that the soil is too dry on the ground or in the pot, water the Puya sufficiently until you see that the water is dripping at the bottom of the pot. Don’t pour the water on the soil until you see that the soil inside the pot is very dry. These plants don’t generally don’t want to sit around with wet feet, so you might want to get them a drink when they need it the most.

When Puya is planted in the garden, and it’s hot outside, make sure to water them at least once a week. They might be receiving residual moisture from the trees around them, or they have plenty of rainwater and if so, only water them a week when the soil is very dry.

How can I ensure that i'm watering my Puya adequately?

Make sure that the water is evenly distributed in the pot. Water more liberally throughout the soil until you see that the water is dripping at the bottom of the pot. Use well-draining soil and use the soak and dry method as mentioned. Puya require watering when the roots are becoming too dry so check the soil at least once a week to ensure they are not under-watered. Also, you might want to keep track of your watering schedule through applications or taking notes.

Should I adjust the watering frequency of my Puya according to different seasons or climates?

When the Puya is in their growing season, which is summer and spring, they generally require an abundance of water. Use the soak and dry method at least once every 1-2 weeks and be generous with them. During the winter, ensure water only once in a while as this is the dormant season.

When planted outdoors, stick your finger on the soil and see if about two-thirds of it is already dry. Puya generally wants moist soil, but you should not let them be too dry, or they can wilt. Ideal watering conditions are to do it moderately during the spring and summer. Water at least once every 3-4 weeks in winter or fall. If you live in areas with high humidity, don’t water too much to avoid root rot. Consider the rainwater that they are receiving and it’s better to lean on the side of underwatering rather than over watering especially if they are planted outdoors.

When the Puya is in a pot and not receiving moisture from the rain or nearby trees, water it frequently at the recommended level of at least once every two weeks. They need deep watering where you can see water going out of the drainage holes for optimal growth. When indoors or kept in a nursery, the Puya will thrive better when you adjust the watering schedule whenever you notice that the soil is already too dry in the pot.

Should I water my Puya differently when I plant it indoors vs outdoors?

Only water whenever the soil feels slightly dry, especially if it’s indoors. Water less during the winter and once every 2-3 weeks should be sufficient for those that are growing inside the house and not receiving enough sunlight. Probe the soil with your finger and see if the plant needs a drink.

Seldom but thorough watering can also work with Puya that’s planted outdoors. The water needs some time to flush through the potting soil, so be careful not to waterlog the garden. Water it early in the morning to promote evaporation as the sun rises and factor in the rain schedule before you give this species a drink.

What should I be careful with when I water my Puya during different growing periods?

When you’re still in the growing phase of the Puya, keep the young plants away from the mother plant and ensure to keep the soil moist. The succulent and thick leaves do not contain much water, So you should give it to them at least once every 2 weeks and make sure that they receive occasional misting.

When they are properly established, you can change this depending on their needs. The mature plants are drought tolerant and make sure to keep it away from excess water. The monsoon seasons and their cycle are very important for the health of the Puya, so you might want to put them outdoors for better results.

What should I be careful with when I water my Puya in different seasons, climate or during different growing periods?

During the summer and spring, it’s best to water abundantly, especially if the pots are placed at room temperature. Make sure to reach the upper cervix and water once a week. During fall and winter, only water moderately and leave some moisture on the soil. Don’t allow it to be too dry.

Humidity should be not less than 60%. Be careful when using soft water; the surface should be covered with wet moss. However, be extra cautious with the flowering period of Puya, and it’s always better to avoid spraying them. The excess moisture can make the flowers lose their attractiveness, so make sure to water them sparingly after they have bloomed.

It’s best not to use spray bottles on your plant. The leaves don’t directly benefit from the extra moisture since the roots are the only part that needs to be watered. Also, don’t use cold or hot water; leave it at room temperature as extremes can damage the plants and their root systems.

Why is watering my Puya important?

Watering the Puya helps it develop a healthier root system and makes the plant thrive. Ensure that your Puya gets enough water but also know that they are pretty hardy and are tolerant to drought. When the Puya becomes too dry, they might stop growing and eventually die. You might want to look at the soil and adjust the watering frequency whenever possible. Watch the signs that your plant is giving you and make sure to decide if it’s time to water them or not.

What type of sunlight does Puya need?

As jungle plants, Epiphytic Bromeliads grow in a variety of locations in the rainforest. Some of them are found closer to the forest floor, receiving only dappled sunlight that finds its way through tall canopies. Others grow as epiphytes higher up on the trees and are exposed to direct sunlight. That is why it is essential to know what type of plant you’re getting.

As a general rule, epiphytic bromeliads naturally exposed to more sun have thicker, stiffer leaves, while species naturally growing in the shade have more tender, thinner leaves. However, as stressed before, always check the individual species’ needs.

The safest bet for Puya is to be exposed to bright but mostly indirect light - e.g., from an east-facing window. Also, it is safe to assume that Puya will get sunburned if exposed to direct sunlight during prolonged periods, so avoid this with all family members.

What will happen if Puya gets inadequate sunlight?

The consequences of inadequate lighting for Puya can go in two directions. If Puya receives too much direct sunlight and belongs to species adapted to shady conditions, the leaves may start looking bleached-out and paler than usual at first. Eventually, leaf scorching is almost certain to occur.

On the other hand, if Puya receives too little sunlight, the foliage will lose its color and turn darker. That is especially true for variegated plants that may lose all their additional colors and turn solid green.

Also, as a general consequence, Puya that fails to receive enough sunlight according to their species’ needs will grow poorly.

Are there special sunlight requirements for Puya during different growth stages?

Tropical conditions of Puya’s original homes are quite stable throughout the plant’s lifetime, and the light doesn’t have to vary between seasons. However, increasing the light exposure can trigger the plant to bloom - a highly desired event. Still, it’s not just about the light levels - all other conditions, such as temperature and humidity, should be met for this to happen.

Are there any cautions or tips for sunlight and Puya?

If you have just bought your Puya from a non-specialized store, they have likely been exposed to low light conditions for some time. Even if the particular species belongs to the sun-loving Puya subtype, you need to gradually introduce it to brighter, natural sunlight conditions. That practice is called hardening. Start by exposing your plant to indirect window light, pulling it closer to the light source each day. After several days, the plant can receive its first direct morning light, but only for a very short time.

What are the temperature considerations for Puya?

The absolutely ideal conditions for Puya - both temperature and light-wise - is a greenhouse setup with temperatures averaging between 70 and 80 °F (21 and 27 °C), with bright indirect light, good air circulation, and high humidity.

However, the popular Puya species are not overly sensitive and are easily grown in average home conditions. As a simple rule - if you feel pleasant in your room temperatures, these are likely adequate for your Puya as well.

Where should I position Puya to get adequate light?

East or west-facing window light is ideal for most Puya. However, if the west-facing window is in question, the direct afternoon light may be too harsh for some species, so ensure greater distance from the window or another type of shading during the critical part of the day.

If a south-facing window is your only option, keeping Puya next to it can be possible if you create some distance between the light source and the plant, plus filter the light through a suitable curtain.

Again, the ideal position will largely depend on the species in question, and you need to factor in other requirements, such as humidity, into the equation. For example, bathrooms are ideal for Puya regarding humidity but may not secure enough light for many species unless you have a window in there. However, some species may thrive under low-light bathroom conditions with some natural light available and some supplemented by artificial fluorescent light.

Other positions, such as kitchen windows, may provide ideal light but may be too dry. In that case, try increasing the humidity around the plant by creating a humidity tray under the pot or adding a humidifier.

Also, Puya will thrive outdoors in tropical climates and can be brought out during the summer in warm temperate climates. In outdoor conditions, they perform well under trees with broad and semi-thick canopies that create dappled light conditions. Also, shaded patios and bright porches are also great options.

What is the ideal temperature range for my Puya?

Puya tends to prefer the same general temperature ranges. While they can tolerate temperatures as low as 50℉(15℃), this plant likes higher temperatures that more closely resemble those of tropical and subtropical regions. Being an epiphytic plant, meaning that most of the water of Puya comes from air humidity and not groundwater, higher temperatures are better.

The humidity that Puya prefers is best obtained with temperatures over 75℉(25℃). Since humidity is created when water is vaporized into warm air, maintaining humidity is easiest with warmer temperatures. Before you blast your air conditioner in the warm months, make sure these plants are out of the way of the coolest drafts! Anywhere from 75~90℉(25~32℃) is perfect, but cooler temperatures down to 50℉(15℃) are acceptable.

What are the consequences of extreme temperatures on my Puya?

Puya doesn’t need a period of dormancy, or a cold period, to effectively bloom and reproduce. This means that ideal temperatures should be maintained year-round. However, if your Puya does experience temperatures cooler than 50℉(15℃) or hotter than 95℉(35℃) , it may cause some damage. The extent of the damage is specific to how long it was exposed to extreme cold or heat, its genotype, and what stage the plant is in.

Cold temperatures below 50℉(15℃) will cause frostbite on the leaves of a Puya. This normally appears as black spots or entirely blackened leaves, but this process can take a few days to become apparent. At first, the leaves will look droopy, then slowly become discolored. It’s difficult to save the Puya from this fate, but sometimes they can grow back over the course of several months.

If the Puya is exposed to very high temperatures, it will simply wilt. If the leaves become too dry, they may not revive; however, if the exposure wasn’t very long, then the heat spike may have no lasting effect. Puya can tolerate heat much better than cold.

How can I keep my Puya warm?

You can easily keep the Puya warm without the use of a heating pad or nearby heater (though if you’re using one anyway, it doesn’t hurt to share!). To maintain optimal temperatures, consider planting Puya in a terrarium. By enclosing the space around the plant, you create a sort of micro-environment with higher humidity and temperature than outside the glass, which in itself holds heat for some time. If you live in a warm region where it may be too dry to place Puya outside, you can always place it near a warm window or an exterior wall that warms up during the day under full sun exposure; just be sure not to provide too much sunlight as a consequence of moving the plant too close to a bright window. Sheer curtains can remedy this issue.

On the other hand, if you live in a tropical or subtropical climate where outside temperatures stay between 55-90℉(13-32℃) day to night, you can grow Puya outside year-long. If the temperature drops below this range, simply bring them indoors for the night or cover them with a thin cloth to prevent cold damage.

Tips on growing Puya indoors

Sometimes, temperature fluctuations can sneak up in ways you might not expect. One of the most common temperature breaches for Puya is from windows. If you grow your Puya in a window, be aware of how outside temperatures can affect the temperature of the window and how much of that cold or hot air reaches your plant.

Another common household temperature breach is air conditioning and heaters. We might not realize it since we don’t hover over these things in our homes, but a direct draft from air conditioners can chill Puya to well below its preferred temperature range. Similarly, heaters can effectively dry out it very quickly, which causes the leaves to harden and eventually wither away.

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More About How-Tos

Water

Every 2-3 weeks

Originating from arid regions, Puya prefers minimal watering. Only water when the soil is completely dry. Be cautious not to over-water, as this plant thrives on neglect.

Learn More

Lighting

Full sun

Puya originates from environments like forest understories that offer natural shade. It prefers partial sun but can tolerate full sun if necessary.

Learn More

Temperature

15 to 35 ℃

Puya thrives in warm environments. If the environmental temperature becomes too low, the plant may cease growth or suffer from frost damage. It has a strong tolerance for high temperatures and humidity, requiring a consistent level of moisture in the surroundings. However, excessively high temperatures and humidity can make the plant susceptible to fungal infections. In dry conditions, regular watering and misting are necessary to maintain adequate air humidity. The plant is sensitive to sudden temperature fluctuations, so it's important to maintain a relatively stable temperature.

Learn More

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Puya

Puya mirabilis

Puya mirabilis is a species of Bromeliad in the genus Puya. This species is native to Bolivia.

Hardiness Zones

5 to 10

More Info

Bloom Time

Spring, Summer, Early fall, Mid fall

Leaf Color

Green

Silver

Bronze

Scientific Classification

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Monocotyledons

Order

Grasses, sedges and allies

Family

Bromeliad

Genus

Puya

Species

Puya

Find your perfect green friends.

Plan your green oasis based on your criteria: plant type, pet safety, skill level, sites, and more.

Download the App

Distribution Map

Map

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Potentially invasive

Exotic

No species reported

Questions About Puya

Watering

Sunlight

Temperature

What’s the best method to water Puya?

What should I do if I water my Puya too much/too little?

How often should I water my Puya?

How much water does my Puya need?

How can I ensure that i'm watering my Puya adequately?

Should I adjust the watering frequency of my Puya according to different seasons or climates?

Should I water my Puya differently when I plant it indoors vs outdoors?

What should I be careful with when I water my Puya during different growing periods?

What should I be careful with when I water my Puya in different seasons, climate or during different growing periods?

Why is watering my Puya important?

What type of sunlight does Puya need?

What will happen if Puya gets inadequate sunlight?

Are there special sunlight requirements for Puya during different growth stages?

Are there any cautions or tips for sunlight and Puya?

What are the temperature considerations for Puya?

Where should I position Puya to get adequate light?

What is the ideal temperature range for my Puya?

What are the consequences of extreme temperatures on my Puya?

How can I keep my Puya warm?

Tips on growing Puya indoors

Get tips and tricks for your plants.

Keep your plants happy and healthy with our guide to watering, lighting, feeding and more.

Download the App

More About How-Tos

Related Plants

Indoor

Requirements

Full sun

Ideal

Above 6 hours sunlight

Partial sun

Tolerance

About 3-6 hours sunlight

Watch how sunlight gracefully moves through your garden, and choose spots that provide the perfect balance of light and shade for your plants, ensuring their happiness.

Essentials

Puya originates from environments like forest understories that offer natural shade. It prefers partial sun but can tolerate full sun if necessary.

Preferred

Tolerable

Unsuitable

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Artificial lighting

Indoor plants require adequate lighting for optimal growth. When natural sunlight is insufficient, particularly in winter or in less sunny spaces, artificial lights offer a vital solution, promoting faster, healthier growth.
1. Choose the right type of artificial light: LED lights are a popular choice for indoor plant lighting because they can be customized to provide the specific wavelengths of light that your plants need.
Full sun plants need 30-50W/sq ft of artificial light, partial sun plants need 20-30W/sq ft, and full shade plants need 10-20W/sq ft.
2. Determine the appropriate distance: Place the light source 12-36 inches above the plant to mimic natural sunlight.
3. Determine the duration: Mimic the length of natural daylight hours for your plant species. most plants need 8-12 hours of light per day.

Important Symptoms

Insufficient light

Puya thrives in partial sunlight but can tolerate full sunlight in cooler weather. Due to its adaptability, symptoms of light deficiency may not be easily noticeable.

(Symptom details and solutions)

Small leaves

New leaves may grow smaller in size compared to the previous ones once they have matured.

Leggy or sparse growth

The spaces between leaves or stems of your Puya may become longer, resulting in a thin and stretched-out appearance. This can make the plant look sparse and weak, and it may easily break or lean due to its own weight.

Faster leaf drop

When plants are exposed to low light conditions, they tend to shed older leaves early to conserve resources. Within a limited time, these resources can be utilized to grow new leaves until the plant's energy reserves are depleted.

Slower or no new growth

Puya enters a survival mode when light conditions are poor, which leads to a halt in leaf production. As a result, the plant's growth becomes delayed or stops altogether.

Lighter-colored new leaves

Insufficient sunlight can cause leaves to develop irregular color patterns or appear pale. This indicates a lack of chlorophyll and essential nutrients.

Solutions

1. To ensure optimal growth, gradually move plants to a sunnier location each week, until they receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Use a south-facing window and keep curtains open during the day for maximum sunlight exposure and nutrient accumulation.2. To provide additional light for your plant, consider using artificial light if it's large or not easily movable. Keep a desk or ceiling lamp on for at least 8 hours daily, or invest in professional plant grow lights for ample light.

Excessive light

Puya thrives in partial sun but can handle full sun in cooler conditions. However, during summer, they are prone to sunburn as they cannot tolerate intense sunlight in high-temperature environments.

(Symptom details and solutions)

Chlorosis

Chlorosis is a condition where the plant's leaves lose their green color and turn yellow. This is due to the breakdown of chlorophyll from excessive sunlight, which negatively affects the plant's ability to photosynthesize.

Sunscald

Sunscald occurs when the plant's leaves or stems are damaged by intense sunlight exposure. It appears as pale, bleached, or necrotic areas on the plant tissue and can reduce the plant's overall health.

Leaf Curling

Leaf curling is a symptom where leaves curl or twist under extreme sunlight conditions. This is a defense mechanism used by the plant to reduce its surface area exposed to sunlight, minimizing water loss and damage.

Wilting

Wilting occurs when a plant loses turgor pressure and its leaves and stems begin to droop. Overexposure to sunlight can cause wilting by increasing the plant's water loss through transpiration, making it difficult for the plant to maintain adequate hydration.

Leaf Scorching

Leaf scorching is a symptom characterized by the appearance of brown, dry, and crispy edges or patches on leaves due to excessive sunlight. This can lead to a reduction in photosynthetic capacity and overall plant health.

Solutions

1. Move your plant to the optimal position where it can receive abundant sunlight but also have some shade. An east-facing window is an ideal choice as the morning sunlight is gentler. This way, your plant can enjoy ample sunlight while reducing the risk of sunburn.2. It is recommended to trim off any completely dehydrated or withered parts of the plant.

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Indoor

Requirements

Ideal

Tolerable

Unsuitable

Just like people, each plant has its own preferences. Learn about your plants' temperature needs and create a comforting environment for them to flourish. As you care for your plants, your bond with them will deepen. Trust your intuition as you learn about their temperature needs, celebrating the journey you share. Lovingly monitor the temperature around your plants and adjust their environment as needed. A thermometer can be your ally in this heartfelt endeavor. Be patient and gentle with yourself as you explore your plants' temperature needs. Cherish your successes, learn from challenges, and nurture your garden with love, creating a haven that reflects the warmth of your care.

Essentials

Puya is a tropical plant, so during the winter, if the minimum temperature drops below {Tolerable_growing_temperature_min}, it is recommended to move the plant indoors for cultivation. Choose a location near a south-facing window to ensure sufficient sunlight. Avoid placing the plant near heaters or air conditioners to prevent excessive dryness. Maintaining indoor temperatures above {Suitable_growth_temperature_min} is highly beneficial for Puya. If the temperature falls below {Suitable_growth_temperature_min}, reduce watering and wait until the soil surface is dry before watering again to prevent root rot. For plants that need to overwinter outdoors, make sure they are in a sheltered position that receives sunlight. During colder temperatures, you can set up a temporary greenhouse or use materials such as plastic film or fabric to wrap the plants. Additionally, reduce watering and keep the soil slightly moist.

Important Symptoms

Low Temperature

Puya prefers warm environments and is not tolerant of low temperatures. It thrives best when the temperature is above {Suitable_growth_temperature_min}. During winter, it should be kept above {Tolerable_growing_temperature_min}. When the temperature falls below {Limit_growth_temperature}, initially, the leaves show no obvious symptoms. However, after three to five days, they start to wither and droop, and in severe cases, the entire plant may dry up.

Solutions

Trim the frostbitten area. Immediately move indoors to a warm environment for protection against the cold. Choose a spot near a south-facing window to place the plants, ensuring ample sunlight. Additionally, avoid placing the plants near heaters or air conditioning vents to prevent excessive dryness in the air.

High Temperature

During summer, Puya should be kept below {Suitable_growth_temperature_max}. When the temperature exceeds {Tolerable_growing_temperature_max}, the leaves may become dry and withered at the tips, growth may cease, and the plant may be prone to root rot. Additionally, excessive exposure to sunlight can cause sunburn.

Solutions

Remove the withered parts. Move the plant to a location that provides shade from the midday and afternoon sun. Water the plant in the morning and evening to keep both the plant and the environment moist.

Discover information about plant diseases, toxicity, weed control and more.

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