Sphagnum thrive in cool, moist, acidic environments with high humidity. They require indirect light and consistent moisture without becoming waterlogged. Preferred temperatures for sphagnum range from cool to moderate. Soil should mimic their natural bog habitats—acidic and poor in nutrients. Gardeners often face challenges with sphagnum due to overwatering, which can cause decay, and pests are rare but can include fungal infections. Seasonal adjustments are minimal given sphagnum's resilience, but ensuring adequate moisture and avoiding dry air, especially in winter, is paramount.