Common blue violet (Viola sororia) Flower, Leaf, Care, Uses

Common blue violet thrives in medium amounts of moisture and is somewhat tolerant of drought. Allow the soil to become dry before watering to avoid waterlogging the soil. Apply water directly to the soil and avoid getting the leaves or flowers wet to prevent disease.

Fertilization

Common blue violet will enjoy slow-release fertilizer at the start of its growing season in the spring and again during late summer to encourage autumn flowering. Water-soluble fertilizer can be applied once every two weeks during the growing season. Common blue violet responds well to organic fertilizer as well.

Pruning

Trim the diseased, withered leaves once a month.

Soil

Loam, Clay, Sand, Chalky, Sandy loam, Acidic, Neutral

Potting Suggestions

Needs excellent drainage in pots.

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Common blue violet

Water

Twice per week

Sunlight

Partial sun

Hardiness Zones

3 to 10

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Questions About Common blue violet

Watering

Pruning

Sunlight

Temperature

Fertilizing

What is the best way to water my Common blue violet?

When watering the Common blue violet, you should aim to use filtered water that is at room temperature. Filtered water is better for this plant, as tap water can contain particles that are harmful to its health. The reason that the water should be at room temperature or slightly warmer is that the Common blue violet comes from a warm environment, and cold water can be somewhat of a shock to its system. Also, you should avoid overhead watering for this plant, as it can cause foliage complications. Instead, simply apply your filtered room temperature water to the soil until the soil is entirely soaked. Soaking the soil can be very beneficial for this plant as it moistens the roots and helps them continue to spread through the soil and collect the nutrients they need.

What should I do if I water my Common blue violet too much or too little?

Both overwatering and underwatering will be detrimental to the health of your Common blue violet, but overwatering is a far more common issue. When this species receives too much water, its stems and leaves may begin to wilt and turn from green to yellow. Overwatering over a prolonged period may also lead to diseases such as root rot, mold, and mildew, all of which can kill your plant. Underwatering is far less common for the Common blue violet, as this plant has decent drought tolerance. However, underwatering remains a possibility, and when it occurs, you can expect to find that the leaves of your Common blue violet have become brittle and brown.

It is crucial that you notice the signs of overwatering as soon as possible when caring for your Common blue violet. Some of the diseases that arise from overwatering, such as root rot, may not be correctable if you wait too long. If you see early signs of overwatering, you should reduce your watering schedule immediately. You may also want to assess the quality of soil in which your Common blue violet grows. If you find that the soil drains very poorly, you should replace it immediately with a loose, well-draining potting mix. On the other hand, if you find signs that your Common blue violet is receiving too little water, all you need to do is water more regularly until those signs have subsided.

How often should I water my Common blue violet?

If your plant is in a pot. The most precise way to decide whether your Common blue violet needs water is to plunge your finger into the soil. If you notice that the first two to three inches of soil have become dry, it is time to add some water.

If you grow your Common blue violet outdoors in the ground, you can use a similar method to test the soil. Again, when you find that the first few inches of soil have dried out, it is time to add water. During the spring and early fall, this method will often lead you to water this plant about once every week. When extremely hot weather arrives, you may need to increase your watering frequency to about twice or more per week. With that said, mature, well-established the Common blue violet can show an admirable ability to withstand drought.

How much water does my Common blue violet need?

When it comes time to water your Common blue violet, you should not be shy about how much water you give. With the first two to three inches of soil dry, this plant will appreciate a long and thorough watering. Supply enough water to soak the soil entirely. The amount of water you add should be enough to cause excess water to flow through the drainage holes at the bottom of your pot. If you don’t see excess water draining from the pot, you have likely underwatered your plant. But do not let the water accumulate inside the soil, which will be very dangerous to the plant as well. Alternatively, a lack of water draining through the pot could indicate poorly draining soils, which is detrimental to the health of this plant and should be avoided. If the plant is outside, 1 inch of rain per week will be sufficient.

How should I water my Common blue violet at different growth stages?

The water needs of the Common blue violet can change depending on growth stages as well. For example, when your Common blue violet is in the first few years of its life, or if you have just transplanted it to a new growing location, you will need to give more water than usual. During both of those stages, your Common blue violet will put a lot of energy towards sprouting new roots that will then support future growth. For those roots to perform their best, they need a bit more moisture than they would at a more mature phase. After a few seasons, your Common blue violet will need much less water. Another growth stage in which this plant may need more water is during the bloom period. Flower development can make use of a significant amount of moisture, which is why you might need to give your Common blue violet more water at this time.

How should I water my Common blue violet through the seasons?

The Common blue violet will have its highest water needs during the hottest months of the year. During the height of summer, you may need to give this plant water more than once per week, depending on how fast the soil dries out. The opposite is true during the winter. In winter, your plant will enter a dormant phase, in which it will need far less water than usual. In fact, you may not need to water this plant at all during the winter months. However, if you do water during winter, you should not do so more than about once per month. Watering too much at this time will make it more likely that your Common blue violet will contract a disease.

What's the difference between watering my Common blue violet indoors and outdoors?

It is most common to grow the Common blue violet indoors for any gardener that does not live in temperate and tropical regions. Those gardeners should consider the fact that soil in a container can dry out a bit faster than ground soil. Also, the presence of drying elements such as air conditioning units can cause your Common blue violet to need water on a more frequent basis as well. if you planted it outside. When that is the case, it’s likely you won’t need to water your Common blue violet very much at all. If you receive rainfall on a regular basis, that may be enough to keep your plant alive. Alternatively, those who grow this plant inside will need to water it more often, as allowing rainwater to soak the soil will not be an option.

When should I prune my Common blue violet?

You can prune your Common blue violet any time you notice dead, diseased, or damaged leaves during the growing season. Once you notice such a leave, locate an unwanted leaf, then follow its stem all the way to the bottom of petiole. Removing dead stems will increase the light and ventilation of the plant and help it to grow. You can cut its stem just above the soil’s surface to remove it. Such pruning can take place as needed during spring and summer. Also, this plant can bloom any time between spring and fall, and some gardeners choose to remove flower buds before they have a chance to open. Removing unopened flower buds allows this plant to focus most of its growing energy on its beautiful leaves. However, pruning in this manner does not necessarily influence the plant’s overall health. Cutting back should be done late in the winter to early spring. Ideally, you should wait until you see new basal growth before you cut off the dead and dried winter parts, to about 6 inches from the ground.

How can I prune my Common blue violet?

Pruning the Common blue violet is as easy as waiting until you notice dead or damaged leaves on your plant. When you recognize these leaves, equip yourself with a pair of sharp and sterile hand pruning shears. Hand pruning shears will work best as larger tools like loppers will not be well suited to the precise cuts you need to make. Once you have a proper set of pruning tools, locate an unwanted leaf, then follow its stem all the way to the bottom of petiole. Removing dead stems will increase the light and ventilation of the plant and help it to grow. Cut the stem just above where it exits the soil to remove it entirely. If you wish to stop this plant from flowering, you can use the same pruning shears to remove any buds before they open. Finally, you may prefer to just trim off dead or damaged portions of the plant, including deadheading spent flowers, to keep it looking its best. This can be done at any time of year. Diseased or damaged stems should be cut right at the soil line and removed completely. Blooms should be cut off just below the flower head. Cutting back should be done late in the winter to early spring. Ideally, you should wait until you see new basal growth before you cut off the dead and dried winter parts to about 6 inches from the ground.

What should I do after pruning my Common blue violet?

All that is required of you once you have pruned your Common blue violet is to clean up. Once you have pruned, deadheaded, or cut back your Common blue violet, gather the bits you have cut off and discard them. If there are any diseased parts of the plant that you have pruned away, do not discard them with the rest of the pruned pieces. Diseased foliage should be disposed of. When watering after pruning, be careful not to touch the wound to prevent fungus from infecting the plant through the fresh wound. Placing Common blue violet in a well-ventilated location will also help the wound to dry out and heal in time.

Are there any tips for pruning my Common blue violet?

For your major pruning, use sharp pruning sheers that will make clean cuts to avoid damaging your plants. As you are pruning your Common blue violet, step back occasionally to check the appearance of the plant to make sure it has the shape you want and that you are pruning it symmetricaly. It is recommended that gloves and safety glasses be worn while pruning Common blue violet.

Are there any instructions for pruning my Common blue violet?

Pruning is an important part of plant care and maintenance. Different plants have different pruning requirements. Some plants may need little to no pruning, while others may require more specific attention. Most plants should be pruned to remove damaged or unhealthy foliage. Other plants may be pruned to control their shape and size. Pruning may even be done to remove the flower heads of plants and stop them from self-seeding. Although some gardeners may find pruning a tedious task, it is a necessary evil and is an essential part of keeping your plants happy and healthy.

What is the optimal temperature for Common blue violet?

The best temperature for Common blue violet depends on the time of year. There are two primary seasons to discuss for temperature: the growing season, and the dormancy season. During the growing season, once Common blue violet has begun to sprout, the ideal temperature range should be anywhere from 65~80℉(18~27℃). Any colder than 15℉(-10℃), and the plant will suffer; its leaves may brown and wilt, but if this is a short cold snap, then Common blue violet may be able to survive with some help.

During the warmer parts of the year, Common blue violet will need to be similarly protected from temperatures that are too high. 95-105℉ (35-40℃) is the top of this plant’s temperature range, and anything above that will compromise the integrity of the foliage and blooms of Common blue violet. Hotter temperatures can cause wilting, drooping, and even sunburn on the leaves, which can be difficult for Common blue violet to recover from. There are quite a few ways to combat this issue that are quick and easy!

Temperature requirements for first year or seedling Common blue violet

If this is the first year of your Common blue violet outside as a new plant, then it may need a little extra tending during the coldest months of the year. Not only can frost more severely damage a first-year Common blue violet, but it can also prevent it from growing back as a healthy plant come spring. This plant needs to be kept at 40℉(5℃) or above when they’re not yet established, which can be done either by bringing your Common blue violet inside for a month or two, or putting up mulch or fabric barriers that protect from frost damage.

It’s also a good idea to plant Common blue violet in a shadier spot during the first year or two, as smaller and weaker plants have a more difficult time maintaining their own temperatures in the heat. First-year Common blue violet should receive no more than five hours of direct sunlight per day, particularly if the ambient daytime temperature gets above 80℉(27℃). Shadecloth and frequent watering or misting are the keys to summer heat control.

How can I protect Common blue violet from extreme temperatures?

If cold temperatures (below 15℉(-10℃)) do occur during the growing season, there are a few measures you can take to help protect Common blue violet from frost or cold damage. If you’re growing Common blue violet in a container, then the container can simply be brought inside in bright, indirect light until the temperatures rise up over the lower threshold again. Another option that’s better suited for ground-planted Common blue violet is to use mulch or horticultural fabric to create an insulated barrier around the plant, which will protect the plant from frost and cold wind.

For temperatures that are hotter than 80℉(27℃) in the shade during the day, be careful to only expose Common blue violet to six hours or less of sunlight per day, preferably in the morning hours. Putting up shade cloth, or a fine plastic mesh, can help reduce the amount of direct sunlight that hits the plant during the hottest parts of the day. You can also install a misting system that allows for a slow release of cooling mist around the base of the plant during the day to lower ground temperatures.

Dormant season temperature recommendations for Common blue violet

During the cold winter months, Common blue violet needs a certain measure of cold in order to stay in dormancy until it’s time to sprout. Sprouting too early, that is before the danger of the last frost has passed, can be fatal to Common blue violet, especially if it’s already had a head start when the frost hits. Winter temperatures should ideally stay below 32℉(0℃), but if they get up to 40℉(5℃), everything will be just fine.

An unexpected warm spell during the cold months, which can happen in more temperate climates like woodland rainforests, can trigger a premature sprout from Common blue violet. In this case, if there’s still imminent danger of frost, you may want to try covering it with clear plastic on stakes so that the cold has less of a chance of damaging the new sprout. This setup can be removed when the danger of frost has passed. Occasionally, Common blue violet will be able to resprout at the correct time without any help, but this method increases the chances of a successful second sprouting.

Why do I need to fertilize my Common blue violet?

The leaves of the Common blue violet comprise most of its main structure, and fertilization is one of the most impactful ways that you can ensure that those leaves look great while also serving their function. Proper fertilization will help your Common blue violet hold leaves with consistent color and a healthy texture.

Fertilization also works below the soil's surface to help your Common blue violet generate new roots and maintain the roots that are already part of the root system. This means that fertilization will not just keep your plant healthy now, but it will also help your plant be better capable of absorbing soil nutrients in the future.

When is the best time to fertilize my Common blue violet?

If you grow your Common blue violet outdoors each year, this perennial plant will send new growth shooting out in early spring. The emergence of those leaves is a sign that the time is right to begin fertilization for the year.

Often, a Common blue violet will perform just fine with a single application of fertilizer when the spring arrives. However, if you wish to maximize the growth of your Common blue violet, you can repeat the feeding multiple times throughout the spring and early summer. If you choose this route, you can feed your Common blue violet about once every month to a month and a half.

When should I avoid fertilizing my Common blue violet?

In the late fall and winter, your Common blue violet will enter a dormant phase in which it will no longer produce new growth. At this time, you should avoid fertilizing your Common blue violet. If you choose to fertilize multiple times during spring and summer, you should begin reducing your fertilization rate as summer approaches, as your Common blue violet 's growth rate will also slow.

Overall, it is never a wise choice to fertilize your Common blue violet during times when the weather is unseasonably hot or when the soil is extraordinarily dry. Fertilizing in either of those cases can stress your Common blue violet and cause it to perish prematurely.

What type of fertilizer does my Common blue violet need?

Fortunately, choosing the best fertilizer for a Common blue violet is a very straightforward task. These plants will thrive on a general-purpose garden fertilizer that has equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. A fertilizer that has a ratio of 10-10-10 or something similar will be very effective. When in doubt, be sure to avoid fertilizers that have high amounts of nitrogen.

Most of the best fertilizer for a Common blue violet will come in a granular form. These fertilizers should be slow-release and will be very easy to apply to the soil. It can also be helpful to feed your Common blue violet using an organic soil amendment such as compost.

How do I fertilize my Common blue violet?

Wait until your Common blue violet has just barely poked its first leaves through the soil's surface in early spring. Once you see that sign, apply a granular slow-release fertilizer with a balanced formula to the soil that surrounds the base of your Common blue violet.

You can repeat a similar process later in the season if you choose. When reapplying fertilizer to a Common blue violet, you should, again, apply the fertilizer to the soil at the base of the plant rather than to the plant itself. At times, this may require you to move some leaves out of the way to access the soil above the roots. It's also often a good choice to water your Common blue violet before and after you feed it.

What happens if I fertilize my Common blue violet too much?

The Common blue violet doesn't necessarily need to receive high volumes of fertilizer each year, which means overfertilization is entirely possible. If you overfertilize your Common blue violet, you will likely notice first that the leaves have turned brown.

Overfertilization of Common blue violet is especially common if you use a fertilizer that has higher concentrations of nitrogen. High nitrogen content will likely cause the leaves of your Common blue violet to become discolored, lose much of their moisture, and begin curling at the margins. Many gardeners avoid such complications by limiting fertilization of their Common blue violet to once per year in early spring.

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More About How-Tos

Explore 5 of plant how-tos on Feng shui direction, Water, Lighting, Temperature, Transplant, etc.

Feng shui direction

North

In Feng Shui, common blue violet echoes vibrancy and life energies, possibly suggesting a moderate compatibility with areas favoring growth and rejuvenation. It's advised to place common blue violet towards the North symbolizing the Water Element, harmonizing with the plant's inherent vitality. Due to the subjective nature of Feng Shui, individual experiences with the plant may vary.

Water

Twice per week

Common blue violet is native to North America, including the eastern United States and Canada. It thrives in woodlands and open areas with well-drained soil and moderate to high levels of moisture. This plant's natural habitat indicates its preference for regular watering, as it is accustomed to receiving adequate rainfall. It's important to provide sufficient water to mimic its native environment, ensuring the soil remains consistently moist without becoming soggy.

Lighting

Partial sun

The common blue violet can thrive optimally under semi-sunlit conditions. Exposing to varying degrees of the sun is acceptable, from fully sun-drenched areas to completely shaded locales. However, overly exposed or insufficiently exposed can potentially impact its overall growth and health negatively.

Temperature

0 41 ℃

Common blue violet is indigenous to temperate regions, thriving ideally between 68 to 95 °F (20 to 35 ℃). In summer, shading is recommended if temperatures rise above the optimum range. Winter considerations would be minimal as it can withstand cool temperatures well.

Transplant

0.5-1 foot

Transplanting common blue violet thrives during the delightful window of mid spring to early summer. Choose a partly shaded, moist location with well-draining soil for best results. Gently loosen the root ball while transplanting to encourage healthy growth in their new home.

Nances, spurges, willows and allies

Common Pests & Diseases

Common issues for Common blue violet based on 10 million real cases

Leaf beetles

Leaf beetles are a class of colored insects 1 to 2 cm in size. They gnaw on leaves and petals resulting in small, round holes scattered over the surface.

Solutions: For less serious cases: Remove beetles, nymphs, and eggs. Remove all life stages of the beetles and kill them by placing them in a bucket of warm, soapy water. This can be done more easily by placing the bucket under affected leaves and shaking the plant. This method is most effective in the afternoon when leaf beetles are more active. Always dispose of insects in a sealed bag or container to avoid escape and spread. To treat more serious infestations: Apply organic insecticides. Use naturally-derived insecticides before moving on to synthetic insecticides. Neem oil and pyrethrum are naturally-derived insecticides that should be applied following label instructions. Apply synthetic insecticides. Examples of insecticides effective for leaf beetles include carbaryl, permethrin, and bifenthrin. Apply insecticides according to label instructions.

Flower withering

Flowers may dry out due to a sudden change in environment or because the plant has completed its normal flowering period.

Solutions: If flower withering is a natural progression due to age, there is nothing that can be done to slow or stop the process. Once hormones within the plant begin the process of senescence, it’s irreversible. For lack of water, immediately water the plant using room temperature rainwater, bottled spring water, or filtered tap water. Water container plants until excess water drains out the bottom; water in-ground plants until the soil is soaked but there isn’t standing water on the surface. In the event of nutritional deficiencies, the best solution is to use a granular or water-soluble liquid fertilizer, and apply it to the soil at about half the recommended dosage. Keep it off the leaves and make sure granular products are watered into the soil well. If the plant is infected with a bacterial or fungal pathogen, there is no course of treatment that cures the diseased plants. The best solution is to remove the infected plants and dispose of the plant material off-site. Do not put in a compost pile.

Leaf rot

This pathogen can cause the leaves to rot.

Solutions: Bacterial infections need to be treated quickly to prevent the spread to neighboring, healthy plants, potentially wiping out large sections of your indoor or outdoor garden. In mild cases: Use sterilized (10% bleach solution) pruning shears or scissors to remove any infected plant parts, making sure to dispose of them off site. Use a copper-based bactericide to treat the unaffected foliage, as well as the soil, and neighboring plants. Follow the manufacturer’s rate and timing directions found on the product label. In severe cases, where more than half the leaves are affected: Remove all of the infected plants from the garden, disposing of them off site. Treat the soil and neighboring plants using a copper-based bactericide. Follow the manufacturer’s rate and timing directions found on the product label.

Underwatering

Leaves may wilt for a variety of reasons.

Solutions: The easiest (and most obvious) way to address underwatering is to fully hydrate the plant. However, this must be done carefully. A common mistake that many gardeners make is to douse their underwatered plants with water. This can overwhelm the roots of the plant and shock its system, something that can be even more damaging than the lack of water to begin with. Instead, water thoroughly and slowly, taking breaks to let the water slowly saturate through the soil to get to the roots. Use room temperature water, as cold water might be too much of a shock. In the future, shorten the time between waterings. A good rule of thumb is to check the soil around each plant daily. If it’s dry to at least two inches down, it’s time to water. If a container plant is repeatedly drying out very quickly, repotting into a slower-draining container might be a good idea, too.

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Weed Control

Weeds

Since it is such a common plant that freely self-seeds with success, common blue violet is sometimes considered a weed on lawns and in gardens across the US where it is native. It can also grow in other unwanted places – in street pavement cracks and between stone edging for example, which is troublesome as it causes the need for additional street maintenance. Standard cultural practices such as mowing, fertilization, and irrigation have little effect on common blue violet control in lawns. Frequent mowing and limited tree pruning to increase shade can have some impact on decreasing the common blue violet population, but the main methods involve organic and synthetic chemical control.

How to Control it

Best weeding time: before fruition Removal: You can remove this weed by gloved hand or by tools in early autumn or early spring each year. Due to it being perennial, you need to completely clean out its root system to prevent it from regrowth. Chemical control: If the weed is too much to pull out, herbicides will be helpful for its eradication. This weed is particularly tenacious - you may need to repeat applying herbicide. Mowing: Mow twice by the end of spring each year and repeatedly do so for two consecutive years, and the spread of the weed could be contained. For weed on larger-sized land, machine mowing is recommended.

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Distribution Map

Habitat

Moist meadows, Low woods, Shady banks, Sandy substrates

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Potentially invasive

Exotic

No species reported

More Info

Plant Type

Herb

Flower Color

Purple

White

Blue

Pink

Bloom Time

Spring, Early summer

Name story

Common blue violet

The appearance of this plant is extremely attractive. Its heart-shaped leaves are matched with its asymmetrical flowers, and its flowers are rare blue-purple. Consequently, these features make it the garden favorite. In addition, it is the most common species of the genus, so it is often called common blue-violet in which violet is derived from latin, viola.

Lesbian flower

This plant is also the flower of love, symbolizing lesbian love. In one of the poems, the poet described herself and her lover often wearing the flowers of Viola sororia to prove their love. In the early 20th century, lesbian flowers were given to their lovers by the lesbians in order to express their love.

Symbolism

Enduring faith, sweetness

Usages

Garden Use

Common blue violet (Viola sororia) is an attractive and popular perennial. It is low-growing so is best grown in beds and at the front of borders in cottage and coastal gardens. This plant's main appeal is its spring and (sometimes) summer-blooming showy flowers, which are best displayed in containers or as ground cover. Woodland phlox offers an excellent color contrast to this flower.

Scientific Classification

Phylum

Vascular plants

Class

Dicotyledons

Order

Family

Violet

Genus

Violets

Species

Common blue violet

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