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Arrowhead plant
Arrowhead plant
Arrowhead plant
Syngonium podophyllum 'Neon Robusta'
Also known as : African evergreen, Nepthytis neon robusta, Five fingers
Hardiness Zones
Hardiness Zones
10 to 12
care guide

Care Guide for Arrowhead plant

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Watering Care
Watering Care
Details on Watering Care Watering Care
Fertilizing Care
Fertilizing Care
Details on Fertilizing Care Fertilizing Care
Pruning
Pruning
Trim the diseased, withered leaves once a month.
Details on Pruning Pruning
Soil Care
Soil Care
Slightly acidic
Details on Soil Care Soil Care
Repotting
Repotting
Humidity tolerant. All parts of plant contain calcium oxalate crystals, an irritant to the mouth and esophagus. Toxic to cats and dogs.
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Arrowhead plant
Sunlight
Sunlight
Full shade
Hardiness Zones
Hardiness Zones
10 to 12
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Questions About Arrowhead plant

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Watering Watering Watering
Pruning Pruning Pruning
Sunlight Sunlight Sunlight
Temperature Temperature Temperature
What is the best way to water my Arrowhead plant?
There are plenty of viable ways to supply your Arrowhead plant with water. If you grow your plant in an indoor pot, for the Arrowhead plants in small pots, you can bring your potted plant to your kitchen sink. Then, use the faucet to add water to the container. By holding the pot in your hands, you should easily notice when the water begins to run through the pot’s drainage holes, at which point you can stop watering. The cold temperature will hurt the plants' root system, so please don't do this during winter or in cold climates. Most of the time, watering via your faucet is permissible for the Arrowhead plant. However, if the local tap water contains a high proportion of fluorine, chlorine or salts, you should consider using rainwater or lake water. Also, since the Arrowhead plant can respond well to overhead watering and watering directly into the soil, you can use a watering can, hose, or just about any tool you’d like to water it.
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What should I do if I water my Arrowhead plant too much or too little?
If you discover that you have underwatered your Arrowhead plant, your first step towards remedying the situation is to give your plant some water. Water deeply until excess water runs from the container’s drainage hole, or if you grow outside, water until the soil has become entirely moist. If you find your Arrowhead plant is receiving too much water, begin by reducing your watering schedule. You also want to address the soil and container your Arrowhead plant grows in. If either the soil or the container makes it difficult for water to drain efficiently, your plant will likely become overwatered again. Resolve the issue by moving your plant to looser soils and/or a container with bigger drainage holes or a more porous material. Also check the location of the plant. If the plant is in places like a corner, then it is recommended to move it to a window or around a door to enhance ventilation. Making sure the plants are in a well-ventilated location can reduce the occurrence of overwatering to some extent.
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How often should I water my Arrowhead plant?
The Arrowhead plant is not a species that requires consistent soil moisture. Instead, it is better to allow this plant’s soil to become dry between waterings. If you are like the many gardeners who grow Arrowhead plants in containers, you can judge whether or not it is time to add water by how dry the soil within the container is. For instance, if about top half of the soil in your container has become dry, it is time to add water. You can feel it by inserting your fingers or sticks into the soil or with soil moisture meter. For those who grow the Arrowhead plant outdoors, you can plan to do your watering about once every other week, provided it has not rained recently.
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How much water does my Arrowhead plant need?
After waiting for the first several layers of soil surrounding your Arrowhead plant’s root to become dry(top half of the soil), it is time to add enough water to make them moist again. The amount of water it takes to achieve that goal depends on if you use a container, how large that container is, and how large your plant itself is. For a small Arrowhead plant growing in a small to a medium-sized container, one to two cups may be enough to dampen the soil sufficiently. As you would expect, the volume of water you supply should increase for a larger plant. The best way to make sure your plant has received enough water is to stick your finger or a trowel into the soil and feel whether it is entirely moist. Alternatively, you can water until you see excess water draining from the holes at the bottom of your container.
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How can I tell if i'm watering my Arrowhead plant enough?
Overwatering and underwatering are both bad for the health of your Arrowhead plant. These two issues also manifest themselves in subtly different ways when they occur. Arrowhead plant that receives too little water may begin to develop yellow leaves. Underwatering may also cause the leaf margins to become brown and brittle. By contrast, Arrowhead plant that gets overwatered will often show yellow and brown marks on its leaves at the same time. Overwatering can also lead to diseases like root rot, some of which may also be visible on your plant. However, if you know the signs of overwatering and underwatering, you stand a good chance of correcting both issues.
Read More more
How should I water my Arrowhead plant through the seasons?
During spring and fall, your watering schedule for the Arrowhead plant will remain relatively the same, which will involve watering this plant about once every week. During summer, you may find that the hot weather causes your plant to need more water than usual, especially if it grows where there is a considerable amount of daily light exposure. In the winter, if it's hard to find some warm places for you plant, your Arrowhead plant will enter a dormant growth phase, in which it will need far less water than usual. At this time, you may get by without watering your plant at all. If you do choose to water during winter, you should not do so more often than once every two to three weeks.
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How should I water my Arrowhead plant at different growth stages?
After planting a new, young Arrowhead plant or after transplanting an older Arrowhead plant, you will probably need to give this plant more water than usual. Young plants often need consistent soil moisture during the early stages of their growth to help them adapt to their new growing locations. Transplants also need more water for a brief time to overcome transplant shock. In either case, you may need to water multiple times per week until your plant has exhibited continuous healthy growth. In most situations, your water should be moderate and should never be significant enough to cause overwatering.
Read More more
What's the difference between watering Arrowhead plant indoors and outdoors?
There are a few reasons why you may need to water an indoor Arrowhead plant more often than one that grows in the ground outdoors. First, indoor growing settings tend to be drier than outdoor ones, often due to the effect of air conditioning units. While thw size of the pot and the soil determines the warer accumulating ability. Additionally, when your plant grows indoors, it will rely on you entirely for its water By contrast, Arrowhead plant that grows outside can receive water from rain. If you are in an area with high rainfall, you may not have to give it extra watering. When there is not enough rain, you should water additionally to ensure that the soil does not dry out completely.
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Key Facts About Arrowhead plant

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Attributes of Arrowhead plant

Lifespan
Perennial
Plant Type
Herb, Vine
Plant Height
1 foot
Leaf Color
Pink
Dormancy
Non-dormant
Leaf type
Evergreen
Ideal Temperature
20 - 38 ℃

Scientific Classification of Arrowhead plant

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Common Pests & Diseases About Arrowhead plant

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Common issues for Arrowhead plant based on 10 million real cases
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Dark blotch
Dark blotch is a fungal disease that causes dark, irregular spots on the foliage of Arrowhead plant, undermining its aesthetic appeal and potentially reducing its vigor if left untreated.
Brown spot
Brown spot Brown spot
Brown spot
This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.
Solutions: In minor cases of brown spot, there isn’t any need to treat the disease. However, if much of the foliage is affected and defoliation occurs, the plant will benefit from getting rid of the infection. It is recommended to start by applying organic treatment options, working up to the more potent synthetic, chemical fungicides if necessary. Organic options won’t kill the fungus, but will prevent it from spreading. Dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda and one teaspoon of liquid soap in a gallon of water. Using a spray bottle, spray on tops and bottoms of leaves until the mixture drips off. Repeat every two weeks until existing spots stop enlarging and new spots no longer appear. Spray a copper-based fungicidal soap on the leaves, coating the top and bottom leaf surfaces. Reapply as directed on the product label. Copper penetrates the leaf surface and prevents germination of spores so the fungus cannot spread. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully.
Leaf rot
Leaf rot Leaf rot
Leaf rot
This pathogen can cause the leaves to rot.
Solutions: Bacterial infections need to be treated quickly to prevent the spread to neighboring, healthy plants, potentially wiping out large sections of your indoor or outdoor garden. In mild cases: Use sterilized (10% bleach solution) pruning shears or scissors to remove any infected plant parts, making sure to dispose of them off site. Use a copper-based bactericide to treat the unaffected foliage, as well as the soil, and neighboring plants. Follow the manufacturer’s rate and timing directions found on the product label. In severe cases, where more than half the leaves are affected: Remove all of the infected plants from the garden, disposing of them off site. Treat the soil and neighboring plants using a copper-based bactericide. Follow the manufacturer’s rate and timing directions found on the product label.
Underwatering yellow
Underwatering yellow Underwatering yellow
Underwatering yellow
A lack of water will cause the leaves to gradually turn yellow starting at the base of the branch while the entire plant appears to wilt.
Solutions: Your plant is very thirsty and needs water promptly. You can revive your plant by giving it water. The easiest technique is to slowly pour water into your plant’s soil so that the whole surface is moistened. If you pour the water too quickly, the water will flow directly through rather than diffusing throughout the soil. If your plant’s pot does not have drainage holes, do not give your plant more than about a third of the pot’s volume of water. If your plant’s pot does have drainage holes, you can add water slowly until the soil is thoroughly moistened and the water flows freely through the pot. If you trim off yellow leaves to improve the plant’s appearance, do not remove more than a third of the plant’s leaves. It may be better to wait until leaves have died and fallen off to remove them.
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plant poor
Dark blotch
Overview
Symptom
Causes
Treatment
Prevention
Active Period
What is Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
What is Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
Dark blotch is a fungal disease that causes dark, irregular spots on the foliage of Arrowhead plant, undermining its aesthetic appeal and potentially reducing its vigor if left untreated.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
Symptoms on Arrowhead plant include the appearance of dark, blotchy spots that may start small but expand, merging and ultimately causing leaf necrosis. Severely affected leaves may yellow and drop prematurely.
What Causes Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
What Causes Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
1
Fungi
Certain fungal pathogens, such as Colletotrichum species, are the primary cause. They thrive in moist, warm conditions, infecting leaves through wounds or natural openings.
How to Treat Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
How to Treat Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
1
Non pesticide
Isolation: Remove and isolate affected plants to prevent the spread of the disease.

Pruning: Prune away infected parts promptly and dispose of them safely to reduce fungal load.

Environment Control: Improve air circulation and reduce humidity around the plants to inhibit fungal development.
2
Pesticide
Fungicidal Sprays: Apply fungicides containing copper or chlorothalonil, ensuring thorough coverage of the plant.
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Brown spot
plant poor
Brown spot
This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.
Overview
Overview
Discolored spots on the foliage of plants are one of the most common disease problems people observe. These spots are caused by fungal and bacterial diseases, with most infections related to a fungal pathogen.
Brown spot can occurs on all houseplants, flowering ornamentals, vegetable plants, and leaves of trees, bushes, and shrubs. No plants are resistant to it, and the problem is worse in warm, wet environments. It can occur at any point in the life stage as long as leaves are present.
Small brownish spots appear on the foliage and enlarge as the disease progresses. In severe cases, the plant or tree is weakened when the lesions interrupt photosynthesis or cause defoliation.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
In most cases, brown spot only affects a small percentage of the whole plant, appearing on a small amount of the leaves. A small infection only puts minor stress on the plant. However, if left untreated and the disease progresses over numerous seasons, it will severely impact the health and productivity of the infected specimen.
  • Sporulation begins (reproduction of the fungal spores), and tiny spots appear on leaves.
  • Placement is often random and scattered as diseases are spread through raindrops.
  • May appear on lower leaves and the interior of the plant where humidity is higher.
  • Brown spots enlarge and grow large enough to touch neighboring spots to form a more prominent blotch.
  • Leaf margins may turn yellow.
  • Tiny black dots (fruiting bodies of the fungi) appear in the dead spots.
  • Blotches grow in size until the entire leaf is brown.
  • The leaf falls off the plant.
Severe Symptoms
  • Partial or complete premature defoliation
  • Reduced growth
  • Increased susceptibility to pests and other diseases
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
Brown spot, or leaf spot, is a common descriptive term given to several diseases affecting the leaves of plants and trees. Around 85% of diseases exhibiting leaf spots are due to fungus or fungus-like organisms. Sometimes brown spot is caused by a bacterial infection, or insect activity with similar symptoms.
When conditions are warm and the leaf surfaces are wet, fungal spores being transported by wind or rain land on the surface and cling to it. They do not rupture the cell walls but grow in the space between the plant plasma membrane and the plant cell wall. As the spores reproduce, they release toxins and enzymes that cause necrotic spots (i.e., dead tissue) on the leaves, allowing the fungi to consume the products released when the cells degrade.
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Leaf rot
plant poor
Leaf rot
This pathogen can cause the leaves to rot.
Overview
Overview
Leaf rot is very common among both house plants and garden plants. It affects foliage and occurs mainly when the leaves become wet due to rain or misting by the gardener. The cause is fungal disease and this is facilitated by the fungal spores adhering to wet leaves then penetrating the leaf and expanding rapidly. Damp conditions and poor air circulation will increase chances of infection taking place. Another factor are leaves that are damaged or have been penetrated by sap sucking insects that facilitate plant penetration.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
  1. Spores are able to cling to a damp leaf and penetrate, often through an existing wound.
  2. A small dark brown mark appears which expands rapidly as sporulation starts to take place.
  3. Quite quickly these bull's eye like circles can link together and the whole leaf turns dark and loses texture.
  4. Leaf drop occurs.
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
These symptoms are caused by a bacterial infection invading the plant. Bacteria from many sources in the environment (air, water, soil, diseased plants) enter a plant through wounds, or in some cases the stomata when they are open. Once inside the leaf tissue, the bacteria feed and reproduce quickly, breaking down healthy leaves.
Bacterial infections threaten most plant species, and are more prominent in wet weather that more easily transfers the bacteria from plant to plant, or from soil to plant.
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Underwatering yellow
plant poor
Underwatering yellow
A lack of water will cause the leaves to gradually turn yellow starting at the base of the branch while the entire plant appears to wilt.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
Your plant’s leaves are turning yellow due to underwatering, the oldest leaves turn yellow first. Leaves yellow from the edges towards the middle. Other signs of underwatering include the soil feeling very dry or pulling away from the edge of its pot.
Solutions
Solutions
Your plant is very thirsty and needs water promptly.
  1. You can revive your plant by giving it water. The easiest technique is to slowly pour water into your plant’s soil so that the whole surface is moistened. If you pour the water too quickly, the water will flow directly through rather than diffusing throughout the soil. If your plant’s pot does not have drainage holes, do not give your plant more than about a third of the pot’s volume of water. If your plant’s pot does have drainage holes, you can add water slowly until the soil is thoroughly moistened and the water flows freely through the pot.
  2. If you trim off yellow leaves to improve the plant’s appearance, do not remove more than a third of the plant’s leaves. It may be better to wait until leaves have died and fallen off to remove them.
Prevention
Prevention
  1. When you get a new plant, research its specific watering needs. Set reminders so that you remember to water your plants consistently. Not all plants are the same, so make sure to differentiate all of your plants in your watering schedule.
  2. You may wish to purchase a commercial soil water meter which has a long probe that you place near your plant’s roots. Be sure to check it frequently and water your plant when the soil water meter indicates that it needs watering.
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More Info on Arrowhead Plant Growth and Care

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Basic Care Guide
Common Pests & Diseases
Transplant
12-18 inches
Transplanting arrowhead plant is best done from early to late spring or mid-fall due to optimal growth conditions. Choose a bright, indirect light location with well-draining soil to ensure a healthy transition.
Transplant Techniques
Pruning
Spring, Summer, Fall
A popular indoor plant noted for its arrow-shaped, pinkish leaves, arrowhead plant thrives with regular pruning to maintain shape and health. Prune in spring, summer, or fall to encourage denser growth and rejuvenate foliage. Use clean, sharp scissors to remove old or yellowing leaves at the base and trim leggy stems to promote bushiness. Pruning not only enhances its appearance but also prevents overgrowth, keeping it compact and vibrant. Avoid extensive pruning in winter to ensure robust seasonal recovery.
Pruning techniques
Propagation
Spring,Summer
Nen Robusta' is a vibrant, easy-to-grow houseplant known for its striking, pink-tinged foliage. To propagate arrowhead plant, use stem cuttings with at least one node and place them in water or moist soil until roots develop. For optimal results, maintain high humidity and indirect light. Regularly change water to prevent root rot if water rooting. Ensuring proper care post-propagation, such as consistent watering and adequate light, promotes healthy growth.
Propagation Techniques
Dark blotch
Dark blotch is a fungal disease that causes dark, irregular spots on the foliage of Arrowhead plant, undermining its aesthetic appeal and potentially reducing its vigor if left untreated.
Read More
Leaf tip withering
Leaf tip withering in Arrowhead plant typically reflects inadequate environmental conditions or disease, leading to discoloration, drying at the edges, and eventual decline of leaf health and plant vigor.
Read More
Notch
Notch is a leaf disfiguration disease primarily impacting Arrowhead plant, characterized by deep indentations forming along leaf edges. It reduces aesthetic appearance and may hinder growth, especially in severe cases.
Read More
Yellow edges
Yellow edges is a disease affecting Arrowhead plant, characterized by discoloration and deteriorating health of leaves. Although not fatal, it undermines plant vigor and aesthetic.
Read More
Leaf wilting
Leaf wilting in Arrowhead plant generally indicates water stress or disease impact, leading to droopy, lifeless leaves. It affects the aesthetic and health of the plant, potentially indicating severe underlying issues.
Read More
Spots
Spots disease on Arrowhead plant is characterized by discolored, necrotic patches on leaves, which can lead to reduced photosynthesis, stunted growth, and drop-off in severe cases.
Read More
White blotch
White blotch is a fungal disease that affects Arrowhead plant resulting in discolored leaf spots and potential growth stunting. Timely diagnosis and treatment can manage its spread and impact.
Read More
Aerial root
Aerial root disease affects Arrowhead plant by hindering nutrient uptake and aerial root development, leading to stunted growth and potential death if untreated.
Read More
Leaf yellowing
Leaf yellowing in Arrowhead plant primarily indicates nutrient deficiency or improper care rather than a disease. The condition weakens Arrowhead plant, impacting its growth and aesthetic value, potentially leading to leaf drop if unresolved.
Read More
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Arrowhead plant
Arrowhead plant
Arrowhead plant
Syngonium podophyllum 'Neon Robusta'
Also known as: African evergreen, Nepthytis neon robusta, Five fingers
Hardiness Zones
Hardiness Zones
10 to 12
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question

Questions About Arrowhead plant

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Watering Watering Watering
Pruning Pruning Pruning
Sunlight Sunlight Sunlight
Temperature Temperature Temperature
What is the best way to water my Arrowhead plant?
more
What should I do if I water my Arrowhead plant too much or too little?
more
How often should I water my Arrowhead plant?
more
How much water does my Arrowhead plant need?
more
How can I tell if i'm watering my Arrowhead plant enough?
more
How should I water my Arrowhead plant through the seasons?
more
How should I water my Arrowhead plant at different growth stages?
more
What's the difference between watering Arrowhead plant indoors and outdoors?
more
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Keep your plants happy and healthy with our guide to watering, lighting, feeding and more.
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plant_info

Key Facts About Arrowhead plant

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Feedback
feedback

Attributes of Arrowhead plant

Lifespan
Perennial
Plant Type
Herb, Vine
Plant Height
1 foot
Leaf Color
Pink
Dormancy
Non-dormant
Leaf type
Evergreen
Ideal Temperature
20 - 38 ℃
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Scientific Classification of Arrowhead plant

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Common Pests & Diseases About Arrowhead plant

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Common issues for Arrowhead plant based on 10 million real cases
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Plant disease auto-diagnose & prevention
AI-powered plant doctor helps you diagnose plant problems in seconds.
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Dark blotch
Dark blotch is a fungal disease that causes dark, irregular spots on the foliage of Arrowhead plant, undermining its aesthetic appeal and potentially reducing its vigor if left untreated.
Learn More About the Dark blotch more
Brown spot
Brown spot Brown spot Brown spot
This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.
Solutions: In minor cases of brown spot, there isn’t any need to treat the disease. However, if much of the foliage is affected and defoliation occurs, the plant will benefit from getting rid of the infection. It is recommended to start by applying organic treatment options, working up to the more potent synthetic, chemical fungicides if necessary. Organic options won’t kill the fungus, but will prevent it from spreading. Dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda and one teaspoon of liquid soap in a gallon of water. Using a spray bottle, spray on tops and bottoms of leaves until the mixture drips off. Repeat every two weeks until existing spots stop enlarging and new spots no longer appear. Spray a copper-based fungicidal soap on the leaves, coating the top and bottom leaf surfaces. Reapply as directed on the product label. Copper penetrates the leaf surface and prevents germination of spores so the fungus cannot spread. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully.
Learn More About the Brown spot more
Leaf rot
Leaf rot Leaf rot Leaf rot
This pathogen can cause the leaves to rot.
Solutions: Bacterial infections need to be treated quickly to prevent the spread to neighboring, healthy plants, potentially wiping out large sections of your indoor or outdoor garden. In mild cases: Use sterilized (10% bleach solution) pruning shears or scissors to remove any infected plant parts, making sure to dispose of them off site. Use a copper-based bactericide to treat the unaffected foliage, as well as the soil, and neighboring plants. Follow the manufacturer’s rate and timing directions found on the product label. In severe cases, where more than half the leaves are affected: Remove all of the infected plants from the garden, disposing of them off site. Treat the soil and neighboring plants using a copper-based bactericide. Follow the manufacturer’s rate and timing directions found on the product label.
Learn More About the Leaf rot more
Underwatering yellow
Underwatering yellow Underwatering yellow Underwatering yellow
A lack of water will cause the leaves to gradually turn yellow starting at the base of the branch while the entire plant appears to wilt.
Solutions: Your plant is very thirsty and needs water promptly. You can revive your plant by giving it water. The easiest technique is to slowly pour water into your plant’s soil so that the whole surface is moistened. If you pour the water too quickly, the water will flow directly through rather than diffusing throughout the soil. If your plant’s pot does not have drainage holes, do not give your plant more than about a third of the pot’s volume of water. If your plant’s pot does have drainage holes, you can add water slowly until the soil is thoroughly moistened and the water flows freely through the pot. If you trim off yellow leaves to improve the plant’s appearance, do not remove more than a third of the plant’s leaves. It may be better to wait until leaves have died and fallen off to remove them.
Learn More About the Underwatering yellow more
close
plant poor
Dark blotch
Overview
Symptom
Causes
Treatment
Prevention
Active Period
What is Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
What is Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
Dark blotch is a fungal disease that causes dark, irregular spots on the foliage of Arrowhead plant, undermining its aesthetic appeal and potentially reducing its vigor if left untreated.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
Symptoms on Arrowhead plant include the appearance of dark, blotchy spots that may start small but expand, merging and ultimately causing leaf necrosis. Severely affected leaves may yellow and drop prematurely.
What Causes Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
What Causes Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
1
Fungi
Certain fungal pathogens, such as Colletotrichum species, are the primary cause. They thrive in moist, warm conditions, infecting leaves through wounds or natural openings.
How to Treat Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
How to Treat Dark blotch Disease on Arrowhead plant?
1
Non pesticide
Isolation: Remove and isolate affected plants to prevent the spread of the disease.

Pruning: Prune away infected parts promptly and dispose of them safely to reduce fungal load.

Environment Control: Improve air circulation and reduce humidity around the plants to inhibit fungal development.
2
Pesticide
Fungicidal Sprays: Apply fungicides containing copper or chlorothalonil, ensuring thorough coverage of the plant.
Continue reading in our app - it's better
A database of 400000+ plants
unlimited guides at your fingertips...
close
Brown spot
plant poor
Brown spot
This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.
Overview
Overview
Discolored spots on the foliage of plants are one of the most common disease problems people observe. These spots are caused by fungal and bacterial diseases, with most infections related to a fungal pathogen.
Brown spot can occurs on all houseplants, flowering ornamentals, vegetable plants, and leaves of trees, bushes, and shrubs. No plants are resistant to it, and the problem is worse in warm, wet environments. It can occur at any point in the life stage as long as leaves are present.
Small brownish spots appear on the foliage and enlarge as the disease progresses. In severe cases, the plant or tree is weakened when the lesions interrupt photosynthesis or cause defoliation.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
In most cases, brown spot only affects a small percentage of the whole plant, appearing on a small amount of the leaves. A small infection only puts minor stress on the plant. However, if left untreated and the disease progresses over numerous seasons, it will severely impact the health and productivity of the infected specimen.
  • Sporulation begins (reproduction of the fungal spores), and tiny spots appear on leaves.
  • Placement is often random and scattered as diseases are spread through raindrops.
  • May appear on lower leaves and the interior of the plant where humidity is higher.
  • Brown spots enlarge and grow large enough to touch neighboring spots to form a more prominent blotch.
  • Leaf margins may turn yellow.
  • Tiny black dots (fruiting bodies of the fungi) appear in the dead spots.
  • Blotches grow in size until the entire leaf is brown.
  • The leaf falls off the plant.
Severe Symptoms
  • Partial or complete premature defoliation
  • Reduced growth
  • Increased susceptibility to pests and other diseases
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
Brown spot, or leaf spot, is a common descriptive term given to several diseases affecting the leaves of plants and trees. Around 85% of diseases exhibiting leaf spots are due to fungus or fungus-like organisms. Sometimes brown spot is caused by a bacterial infection, or insect activity with similar symptoms.
When conditions are warm and the leaf surfaces are wet, fungal spores being transported by wind or rain land on the surface and cling to it. They do not rupture the cell walls but grow in the space between the plant plasma membrane and the plant cell wall. As the spores reproduce, they release toxins and enzymes that cause necrotic spots (i.e., dead tissue) on the leaves, allowing the fungi to consume the products released when the cells degrade.
Solutions
Solutions
In minor cases of brown spot, there isn’t any need to treat the disease. However, if much of the foliage is affected and defoliation occurs, the plant will benefit from getting rid of the infection. It is recommended to start by applying organic treatment options, working up to the more potent synthetic, chemical fungicides if necessary.
Organic options won’t kill the fungus, but will prevent it from spreading.
  1. Dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda and one teaspoon of liquid soap in a gallon of water. Using a spray bottle, spray on tops and bottoms of leaves until the mixture drips off. Repeat every two weeks until existing spots stop enlarging and new spots no longer appear.
  2. Spray a copper-based fungicidal soap on the leaves, coating the top and bottom leaf surfaces. Reapply as directed on the product label. Copper penetrates the leaf surface and prevents germination of spores so the fungus cannot spread.
  3. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully.
Prevention
Prevention
Like many other diseases, it is easier to prevent brown spot than cure it, and this is done through cultural practices.
  • Clear fall leaves from the ground before winter to minimize places where fungi and bacteria can overwinter.
  • Maintain good air movement between plants through proper plant spacing.
  • Increase air circulation through the center of plants through pruning.
  • Thoroughly clean all pruning tools after working with diseased plants.
  • Never dispose of disease plant material in a compost pile.
  • Avoid overhead watering to keep moisture off of the foliage.
  • Keep plants healthy by providing adequate sunlight, water, and fertilizer.
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Leaf rot
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Leaf rot
This pathogen can cause the leaves to rot.
Overview
Overview
Leaf rot is very common among both house plants and garden plants. It affects foliage and occurs mainly when the leaves become wet due to rain or misting by the gardener. The cause is fungal disease and this is facilitated by the fungal spores adhering to wet leaves then penetrating the leaf and expanding rapidly. Damp conditions and poor air circulation will increase chances of infection taking place. Another factor are leaves that are damaged or have been penetrated by sap sucking insects that facilitate plant penetration.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
  1. Spores are able to cling to a damp leaf and penetrate, often through an existing wound.
  2. A small dark brown mark appears which expands rapidly as sporulation starts to take place.
  3. Quite quickly these bull's eye like circles can link together and the whole leaf turns dark and loses texture.
  4. Leaf drop occurs.
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
These symptoms are caused by a bacterial infection invading the plant. Bacteria from many sources in the environment (air, water, soil, diseased plants) enter a plant through wounds, or in some cases the stomata when they are open. Once inside the leaf tissue, the bacteria feed and reproduce quickly, breaking down healthy leaves.
Bacterial infections threaten most plant species, and are more prominent in wet weather that more easily transfers the bacteria from plant to plant, or from soil to plant.
Solutions
Solutions
Bacterial infections need to be treated quickly to prevent the spread to neighboring, healthy plants, potentially wiping out large sections of your indoor or outdoor garden.
In mild cases: Use sterilized (10% bleach solution) pruning shears or scissors to remove any infected plant parts, making sure to dispose of them off site. Use a copper-based bactericide to treat the unaffected foliage, as well as the soil, and neighboring plants. Follow the manufacturer’s rate and timing directions found on the product label.
In severe cases, where more than half the leaves are affected: Remove all of the infected plants from the garden, disposing of them off site. Treat the soil and neighboring plants using a copper-based bactericide. Follow the manufacturer’s rate and timing directions found on the product label.
Prevention
Prevention
  1. Clean up garden debris at the end of the season, especially if it contains any diseased plant tissue. Diseases can overwinter from season to season and infect new plants.
  2. Avoid overhead watering to prevent transferring pathogens from one plant to another, and to keep foliage dry.
  3. Mulch around the base of plants to prevent soil-borne bacteria from splashing up onto uninfected plants.
  4. Sterilize cutting tools using a 10% bleach solution when gardening and moving from one plant to another.
  5. Do not work in your garden when it is wet.
  6. Rotate crops to prevent the buildup of bacteria in one site due to continuous cropping.
  7. Use a copper or streptomycin-containing bactericide in early spring to prevent infection. Read label directions carefully as they are not suitable for all plants.
  8. Ensure plants are well spaced and thin leaves on densely leaved plants so that air circulation is maximised.
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Underwatering yellow
plant poor
Underwatering yellow
A lack of water will cause the leaves to gradually turn yellow starting at the base of the branch while the entire plant appears to wilt.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
Your plant’s leaves are turning yellow due to underwatering, the oldest leaves turn yellow first. Leaves yellow from the edges towards the middle. Other signs of underwatering include the soil feeling very dry or pulling away from the edge of its pot.
Solutions
Solutions
Your plant is very thirsty and needs water promptly.
  1. You can revive your plant by giving it water. The easiest technique is to slowly pour water into your plant’s soil so that the whole surface is moistened. If you pour the water too quickly, the water will flow directly through rather than diffusing throughout the soil. If your plant’s pot does not have drainage holes, do not give your plant more than about a third of the pot’s volume of water. If your plant’s pot does have drainage holes, you can add water slowly until the soil is thoroughly moistened and the water flows freely through the pot.
  2. If you trim off yellow leaves to improve the plant’s appearance, do not remove more than a third of the plant’s leaves. It may be better to wait until leaves have died and fallen off to remove them.
Prevention
Prevention
  1. When you get a new plant, research its specific watering needs. Set reminders so that you remember to water your plants consistently. Not all plants are the same, so make sure to differentiate all of your plants in your watering schedule.
  2. You may wish to purchase a commercial soil water meter which has a long probe that you place near your plant’s roots. Be sure to check it frequently and water your plant when the soil water meter indicates that it needs watering.
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care_scenes

More Info on Arrowhead Plant Growth and Care

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Basic Care Guide
Common Pests & Diseases
Dark blotch
Dark blotch is a fungal disease that causes dark, irregular spots on the foliage of Arrowhead plant, undermining its aesthetic appeal and potentially reducing its vigor if left untreated.
 detail
Leaf tip withering
Leaf tip withering in Arrowhead plant typically reflects inadequate environmental conditions or disease, leading to discoloration, drying at the edges, and eventual decline of leaf health and plant vigor.
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Notch
Notch is a leaf disfiguration disease primarily impacting Arrowhead plant, characterized by deep indentations forming along leaf edges. It reduces aesthetic appearance and may hinder growth, especially in severe cases.
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Yellow edges
Yellow edges is a disease affecting Arrowhead plant, characterized by discoloration and deteriorating health of leaves. Although not fatal, it undermines plant vigor and aesthetic.
 detail
Leaf wilting
Leaf wilting in Arrowhead plant generally indicates water stress or disease impact, leading to droopy, lifeless leaves. It affects the aesthetic and health of the plant, potentially indicating severe underlying issues.
 detail
Spots
Spots disease on Arrowhead plant is characterized by discolored, necrotic patches on leaves, which can lead to reduced photosynthesis, stunted growth, and drop-off in severe cases.
 detail
White blotch
White blotch is a fungal disease that affects Arrowhead plant resulting in discolored leaf spots and potential growth stunting. Timely diagnosis and treatment can manage its spread and impact.
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Aerial root
Aerial root disease affects Arrowhead plant by hindering nutrient uptake and aerial root development, leading to stunted growth and potential death if untreated.
 detail
Leaf yellowing
Leaf yellowing in Arrowhead plant primarily indicates nutrient deficiency or improper care rather than a disease. The condition weakens Arrowhead plant, impacting its growth and aesthetic value, potentially leading to leaf drop if unresolved.
 detail
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