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French rose play
French rose
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French rose
French rose
French rose
French rose
French rose
Rosa gallica
Also known as : Official Rose, Shrub Roses, Provence rose, Gallic rose
French rose (*Rosa gallica*) is a flowering deciduous shrub native to central and Southern Europe. It was one of the first rose species to be cultivated in Europe; french rose got its domesticated start with ancient Greeks and Romans and was later used in medieval gardens. Today, this cold-tolerant flower's numerous cultivars adorn gardens worldwide.
Water
Water
Every 1-2 weeks
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Sunlight
Sunlight
Full sun
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care guide

Care Guide for French rose

Watering Care
Watering Care
Young French rose plants that haven't been established yet require a regular watering schedule. Once established, they become relatively drought-tolerant, though best performance comes with regular watering. During hot spells, the lack of water can stunt blooming, so be sure to provide your roses with an adequate amount of moisture. Container roses need daily watering.
Details on Watering Care Watering Care
Fertilizing Care
Fertilizing Care
Feed your french rose in late fall with an organic fertilizer such as garden compost or well-rotted manure. In spring, you can apply a chemical slow-release, balanced fertilizer that will release nutrients over a course of time. Applying a liquid fertilizer every 2-3 weeks during the growing season is optional.
Details on Fertilizing Care Fertilizing Care
Pruning
Pruning
Deadhead (or remove) withered flowers after flowering.
Details on Pruning Pruning
Soil Care
Soil Care
Clay, Sand, Loam, Chalky, Sandy loam, Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Details on Soil Care Soil Care
Ideal Lighting
Ideal Lighting
Full sun, Partial sun
Details on Sunlight Requirements Ideal Lighting
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French rose
Water
Water
Every 1-2 weeks
Sunlight
Sunlight
Full sun
Hardiness Zones
Hardiness Zones
4 to 9
Planting Time
Planting Time
Fall, Winter, Spring
question

Questions About French rose

Watering Watering Watering
Pruning Pruning Pruning
Sunlight Sunlight Sunlight
Temperature Temperature Temperature
Fertilizing Fertilizing Fertilizing
What's the best method to water my French rose?
You might want to put a garden hose at the plant base to ensure that you're promoting excellent root development. Avoid directly spraying the leaves, and know that the leaves will require more watering if they are outdoors and facing direct sunlight. You can also use bubblers that you can put on to each plant to moisten the roots. Also, use soaker hoses that can cover the entire garden or bed when adding or removing plants to push the roots deeply. Drain any excess water and wait for the soil to dry before watering. Water at ground level to prevent diseases. On a sunny day, you might want to spray the entire bush with water. Whether potted or in-ground, please remember French rose prefers deep watering over light sprinkling.
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What should I do if I water French rose too much/too little?
An overwatered French rose can start to have leaves that turn yellow, drop off and wilt. The plant can also look dull and unhealthy, with signs of mushy stems. When they are beginning to show these signs, it's best to adjust your schedule whenever possible.
The wilting can also be a sign of under watering as well. You might see that the leaves begin to turn crispy and dry while the overwatered ones will have soft wilted leaves. Check the soil when it is dry and watering is not enough, give it a full watering in time. Enough water will make the French rose recover again, but the plant will still appear dry and yellow leaves after a few days due to the damaged root system. Once it return to normal, the leave yellowing will stop .
Always check the moisture levels at the pot when you have the French rose indoors. Avoid overwatering indoors and see if there are signs of black spots. If these are present, let the soil dry in the pot by giving it a few days of rest from watering.
Overwatering can lead to root rot being present in your plant. If this is the case, you might want to transfer them into a different pot, especially if you see discolored and slimy roots. Always prevent root rot as much as possible, and don't let the soil become too soggy.
You should dig a little deeper when you plant your French rose outdoors. When you check with your fingers and notice that the soil is too dry, it could mean underwatering. Adequate watering is required to help the plant recover.
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How often should I water my French rose?
The French rose likes deep and infrequent watering. You would want to soak them in a gallon of water each time, especially when they are planted in pots. The water storage of flower pots is limited and the soil will dry out faster. Watering is required every 3 to 5 days when living in a cold region. Water it early in the morning when the soil is dry, outdoors or indoors. You can also determine if watering is needed by checking the soil inside. When the top 2-3 inches of soil is dry, it is time to give the plant a full watering. During hot days, you may need to check the moisture daily, as the heat can quickly dry out the soil in the pot.
Irrigation of the soil is also required if you have a garden. When you live in a hot climate, you might want to water once a week. Only water when you notice that about 2 to 3 inches of soil become too dry outdoors or indoors. Consider the amount of rainwater on the plant and ensure not to add to it to prevent root rot.You may not need additional watering of the plants if there is a lot of rainfall.French rose generally grows during spring and fall. When they are outdoors, you need to add mulch about 3 to 4 inches deep to conserve more water.
You need to water the plants more frequently in sandy soil because this type tends to drain faster. However, with the clay one, you need to water this less frequently where you could go for 2-3 days to dry the plant and not develop any root rot. You could mark the date on the calendar whenever you water and when you notice that the leaves are starting to droop. This can mean that you might be a day late.
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How much water do I need to give my French rose?
The French rose generally needs about a gallon of water each schedule,With the potted plants, you might want to water them deeply until you see that the water is dripping at the bottom of the pot. Then, wait for the soil to dry before watering them again. You can use a water calculator or a moisture meter to determine the amount you've given to your plant in a week. Provide plenty of water, especially in the flowering period, but let the moisture evaporate afterwards to prevent root rot.
If French rose is planted outdoor with adequate rainfall, it may not need additional watering. When French rose is young or newly planted, make sure it gets 1-2 inches of rain per week. As French rose continues to grow, it can survive entirely on rainfall. Only when the weather is too hot, or when there is no rainfall at all for 2-3 weeks, then consider giving French rose a full watering during the cooler moment of the day to prevent the plant from suffering from high heat damage. Additional watering will be required during persistent dry spells.
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Should I adjust the watering frequency for my French rose according to different seasons or climates?
The French rose needs outdoors come from rain, with only persistent dry weather requiring watering. Throughout the spring and fall growing seasons, the soil needs to be kept moist but not soggy, and alternating dry and moist soil conditions will allow the French rose to grow well. Throughout the summer, hot weather can cause water to evaporate too quickly, and if there is a lack of rainfall, you will need to water more frequently and extra to keep it moist.
Usually, the French rose will need less water during the winter. Since the French rose will drop their leaves and go dormant, you can put them into a well-draining but moisture-retentive soil mixture like the terracotta to help the water evaporate quicker. Once your French rose growing outdoors begins to leaf out and go dormant, you can skip watering altogether and in most cases French rose can rely on the fall and winter rains to survive the entire dormant period.
After the spring, you can cultivate your French rose and encourage it to grow and bloom when the temperature becomes warmer.This plant is not generally a fan of ponding or drought when flowering. You must ensure that the drainage is good at all times, especially during the winter.
When the plant is in a pot, the plant has limited root growth. Keep them well-watered, especially if they are planted in pots during summer. They don't like cold and wet roots, so provide adequate drainage, especially if they are still growing.
It's always best to water your French rose’s diligently. Get the entire root system into a deep soak at least once or twice a week, depending on the weather. It's best to avoid shallow sprinkles that reach the leaves since they generally encourage the growth of fungi and don't reach deep into the roots. Don't allow the French rose’s to dry out completely in the fall or winter, even if they are already dormancy.
Don't drown the plants because they generally don't like sitting in water for too long. They can die during winter if the soil does not drain well. Also, apply mulch whenever possible to reduce stress, conserve water, and encourage healthy blooms.
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What should I be careful with when I water my French rose in different seasons, climates, or during different growing periods?
If planting in the ground, French rose mostly relies on rain. However, if there is no rainfall for 2-3 weeks, you may need to give proper consideration to giving the plants a deep watering. If watering French rose in summer, you should try to do it in the morning. A large temperature difference between the water temperature and the root system can stress the roots. You need to avoid watering the bushes when it's too hot outside. Start mulching them during the spring when the ground is not too cold.
The age of the plants matter. Lack of water is one of the most common reasons the newly planted ones fail to grow. After they are established, you need to ease off the watering schedule.
Reduce watering them during the fall and winter, especially if they have a water-retaining material in the soil. The dry winds in winter can dry them out, and the newly planted ones can be at risk of drought during windy winter, summer, and fall. Windy seasons mean that there's more watering required. The ones planted in the pot tend to dry out faster, so they need more watering. Once you see that they bloom less, the leaves begin to dry up.
Potted plants are relatively complex to water and fluctuate in frequency. Always be careful that the pot-planted plant don't sit in the water. Avoid putting them in containers with saucers, bowls, and trays. Too much watering in the fall can make the foliage look mottled or yellowish. It's always a good idea to prevent overwatering them regardless of the current climate or season that you might have. During the months when French rose begins to flower, you might want to increase the watering frequency but give it a rest once they are fully grown.
Give them an adequate amount of water once every 3 to 5 days but don't give them regular schedules. Make sure the soil is dry by sticking your finger in the pot, or use a moisture meter if you're unsure if it's the right time. Too much root rot can cause them to die, so be careful not to overwater or underwater regardless of the climate or season you have in your area.
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Why is watering my French rose important?
Watering the French rose helps transport the needed nutrients from the soil to the rest of the plant. The moisture will keep this species healthy if you know how much water to give. The watering requirements will depend on the weather in your area and the plant's soil.
The French rose thrives on moist soil, but they can't generally tolerate waterlogging. Ensure to provide enough mulch when planted on the ground and never fall into the trap of watering too little. They enjoy a full can of watering where the water should be moist at the base when they are planted in a pot to get the best blooms.
If they are grown as foliage, you need to water them up to a depth of 10 to 20 inches so they will continue to grow. If it's raining, refrain from watering and let them get the nutrients they need from the rainwater.
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Key Facts About French rose

Attributes of French rose

Lifespan
Perennial
Plant Type
Shrub
Planting Time
Fall, Winter, Spring
Bloom Time
Early summer, Mid summer
Harvest Time
Late summer, Early fall, Mid fall
Plant Height
1 m to 2 m
Spread
1 m
Leaf Color
Green
Flower Size
4 cm to 7 cm
Flower Color
Pink
Red
Fruit Color
Brown
Red
Orange
Dormancy
Winter dormancy
Leaf type
Deciduous
Ideal Temperature
5 - 35 ℃
Pollinators
Bees

Name story

French rose
This plant is the most ancient cultivated rose. It was popularized by Europeans before 1250 AD. Its botanical name, Rosa gallica can be referred to the meaning of "Gallic rose of the herbalist's workshop". The meaning actually comes from Gaul which encompasses France. Hence, it is now called French rose.
Apothecary's rose
Long-time ago, it was believed that its fruits can be consumed as food and also, as a medical product. The fact that it is called apothecary's rose is enough to reflect its role in the early stage of medicine.

Symbolism

Grace, sweetness, true love

Usages

Garden Use
A long-standing garden favorite, french rose is prized for its extremely showy flowers with a delightful bouquet. This low-maintenance plant is a major attractor of butterflies and birds too. This rose makes a good bedding or border plant and is resilient enough to thrive in poor growing conditions. French rose is an asset to informal, coastal, and cottage gardens. Many plants make great partners for this rose, including bellflower, larkspur, pansies, and spurge.

Trivia and Interesting Facts

The french rose has contributed to a great majority of modern European rose cultivars. These cultivars are so ancient that their exact origin and the species involved are usually lost to memory. However, all those that are believed to have Rosa gallica in their ancestry, and share similar traits, are considered part of the "Gallica Group" of rose cultivars.

Scientific Classification of French rose

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Common Pests & Diseases About French rose

Common issues for French rose based on 10 million real cases
Flower withering
Flower withering Flower withering
Flower withering
Flowers may dry out due to a sudden change in environment or because the plant has completed its normal flowering period.
Solutions: If flower withering is a natural progression due to age, there is nothing that can be done to slow or stop the process. Once hormones within the plant begin the process of senescence, it’s irreversible. For lack of water, immediately water the plant using room temperature rainwater, bottled spring water, or filtered tap water. Water container plants until excess water drains out the bottom; water in-ground plants until the soil is soaked but there isn’t standing water on the surface. In the event of nutritional deficiencies, the best solution is to use a granular or water-soluble liquid fertilizer, and apply it to the soil at about half the recommended dosage. Keep it off the leaves and make sure granular products are watered into the soil well. If the plant is infected with a bacterial or fungal pathogen, there is no course of treatment that cures the diseased plants. The best solution is to remove the infected plants and dispose of the plant material off-site. Do not put in a compost pile.
Wilting after blooming
Wilting after blooming Wilting after blooming
Wilting after blooming
Flowers may wither for a variety of reasons.
Solutions: Check the soil or potting medium. Coarse textures can allow water to drain too rapidly, preventing the plant from taking up enough. If the soil and roots seem very dry, add sphagnum moss or other mediums that hold water. Water according to recommendations for each plant's species. Low humidity can be corrected by misting the plant regularly or placing it near a humidifier. Keeping it near other plants helps, too. Keep the environment consistent in terms of temperature, humidity, and lighting. Keep it away from vents, heaters, and air conditioners, and avoid moving it to locations where it will experience a temperature shock. Hot, dry heat, and cold drafts are problematic for many plants. Especially if the plant is outside, it could be experiencing heat or light stress. Try moving it to a shadier location.
Brown spot
Brown spot Brown spot
Brown spot
This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.
Solutions: In minor cases of brown spot, there isn’t any need to treat the disease. However, if much of the foliage is affected and defoliation occurs, the plant will benefit from getting rid of the infection. It is recommended to start by applying organic treatment options, working up to the more potent synthetic, chemical fungicides if necessary. Organic options won’t kill the fungus, but will prevent it from spreading. Dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda and one teaspoon of liquid soap in a gallon of water. Using a spray bottle, spray on tops and bottoms of leaves until the mixture drips off. Repeat every two weeks until existing spots stop enlarging and new spots no longer appear. Spray a copper-based fungicidal soap on the leaves, coating the top and bottom leaf surfaces. Reapply as directed on the product label. Copper penetrates the leaf surface and prevents germination of spores so the fungus cannot spread. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully.
Leaf beetles
Leaf beetles Leaf beetles
Leaf beetles
Leaf beetles are a class of colored insects 1 to 2 cm in size. They gnaw on leaves and petals resulting in small, round holes scattered over the surface.
Solutions: For less serious cases: Remove beetles, nymphs, and eggs. Remove all life stages of the beetles and kill them by placing them in a bucket of warm, soapy water. This can be done more easily by placing the bucket under affected leaves and shaking the plant. This method is most effective in the afternoon when leaf beetles are more active. Always dispose of insects in a sealed bag or container to avoid escape and spread. To treat more serious infestations: Apply organic insecticides. Use naturally-derived insecticides before moving on to synthetic insecticides. Neem oil and pyrethrum are naturally-derived insecticides that should be applied following label instructions. Apply synthetic insecticides. Examples of insecticides effective for leaf beetles include carbaryl, permethrin, and bifenthrin. Apply insecticides according to label instructions.
Black spot
Black spot Black spot
Black spot
Infection by the black spot pathogen causes black spots or patches to appear on leaves.
Solutions: Some steps to take to address black spot include: Prune away any infected leaves, cleaning the pruners between plants with a 10% bleach solution so that the fungus does not spread to healthy leaves. Don't compost pruned plant parts as the spores can linger in the soil for a long period of time - instead, dispose of them in the trash. Use an approved fungicide such as Trifloxystrobin, Chlorothalonil, Maneb, or Myclobutanil. Use a spreader in the fungicide spray to ensure better coverage.
Nutrient deficiencies
Nutrient deficiencies Nutrient deficiencies
Nutrient deficiencies
A lack of nutrients will cause a widespread yellowing of the leaves. The yellowing may begin at the base or top of the plant.
Solutions: There are several easy ways to remedy the nutrient deficiencies in soils. Use a water-soluble fertilizer. Fertilizers will include most or all of the macro and micro-nutrients the plants need to thrive. Adding some fertilizer to the soil will make those nutrients available and can combat deficiencies. Regularly apply organic fertilizer pellets. Organic fertilizers such as animal manures and bonemeal can supply plants with all the nutrients that they need to grow strong and healthy. Apply compost. Though not as finely tuned as artificial fertilizer, compost can nevertheless be rich in important nutrients and should be applied to the soil regularly. Apply nutrients via foliar application. In addition to supplementing the soil with nutrients, foliar fertilizer can be applied directly to the plant's leaves. Nutrients offered via foliar application are often taken up even quicker than those put in the soil, so the foliar application can be great for swiftly addressing specific deficiencies.
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Flower withering
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Flower withering
Flowers may dry out due to a sudden change in environment or because the plant has completed its normal flowering period.
Overview
Overview
Flower withering occurs when flowers become weak, droopy, wilted, or faded until they can’t be revived. During withering, they begin to wrinkle and shrink until the flower becomes completely dry or dead.
Any flowers, regardless of the plant type or the climate they are grown in, are susceptible to withering. It is a worldwide problem across houseplants, herbs, flowering ornamentals, trees, shrubs, garden vegetables, and food crops.
Unlike wilting—which withering is often confused with—withering can be caused by different things and is often due to more than a lack of water. Withering can be fatal in severe cases.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
Flower withering progresses from very mild cases to severe occurrences that kill the flower. The severity of the symptoms is related to the cause and how long the condition is allowed to progress before action is taken.
  • Wilted, droopy flowers
  • Petals and leaves begin to wrinkle
  • Brown papery streaks or spots appear on the petals and leaf tips
  • Flowerhead shrink in size
  • Petal color fades
  • Yellowing leaves
  • Complete death of the flower
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
The main causes of flower withering include natural age progress, lack of water, nutritional deficiencies, and bacterial or fungal diseases. It’s critical to determine the underlying cause when flower withering is noticed. This will guide the best course of action, if treatment is possible.
Check the soil for moisture and then closely examine the entire plant for signs of nutrient deficiencies. If neither of those appears to be the cause then cut open the stem below a flower. If a cross-section reveals brown or rust-colored stains it is safe to assume that this is a bacterial or fungal infection.
If the flower is nearing the end of its normal lifespan, genetic coding within the plant increases the production of ethylene, a phytohormone that controls senescence, or cell aging and death. Cell division stops and the plant begins breaking down resources within the flower to use in other parts of the plant.
In all other cases, flower withering happens when the plant seals off the stem as a defense mechanism, stopping transport within the vascular system. This prevents further water loss through the flowers but also stops bacteria and fungi from moving to healthy parts of the plant. Once water and nutrient transport stops, the flower begins to wither and ultimately die.
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Wilting after blooming
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Wilting after blooming
Flowers may wither for a variety of reasons.
Overview
Overview
Wilting after blooming is sometimes a natural aging process of the flower, while other times it may indicate a problem. Orchids, for example, can bloom for anywhere from two weeks to three months, so wilting after a few days signals a problem for most varieties. This can happen to virtually any ornamental flowering plant, but those with shallow roots and limited tolerance for drought, full sun, and low humidity are more susceptible.
This is a common problem, and often has an easy fix. Sometimes, however, it is the result of more serious causes such as pests or disease of the root system.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
  • At first, flowers may look a little limp.
  • Petals may start to appear dried out and turn brown.
  • Eventually they may drop off the plant all together.
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
Wilting blooms can be a sign of an unhealthy root system. Any condition that prevents the plant from absorbing enough water and nutrition can result in wilting blooms and sometimes other symptoms. If the plant doesn’t have enough water, it cannot maintain appropriate pressure within stems, leaves, and blooms, causing them to wilt.
This can result from physical damage – for example from root breakage during re-potting or attack by insects like cutworms. If you recently re-potted your plant, physical damage to the roots is a likely cause. If you see insects, they may be eating leaves, roots, or flowers. Fungal infections can also cause root rot and damage, preventing water and nutrient uptake.
Finally, wilting blooms can result simply from age. If no other symptoms are visible, it may simply signal the natural end of the flower’s lifespan. If it seems premature, this may be caused by environmental factors: water, humidity, light, or stress. Under-watering is a common cause. Similarly, plants adapted to high humidity dry out easily when humidity is low, like during winter or in dry climates. Too much light can also stress plants that need shade, causing blooms to wilt.
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Brown spot
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Brown spot
This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.
Overview
Overview
Discolored spots on the foliage of plants are one of the most common disease problems people observe. These spots are caused by fungal and bacterial diseases, with most infections related to a fungal pathogen.
Brown spot can occurs on all houseplants, flowering ornamentals, vegetable plants, and leaves of trees, bushes, and shrubs. No plants are resistant to it, and the problem is worse in warm, wet environments. It can occur at any point in the life stage as long as leaves are present.
Small brownish spots appear on the foliage and enlarge as the disease progresses. In severe cases, the plant or tree is weakened when the lesions interrupt photosynthesis or cause defoliation.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
In most cases, brown spot only affects a small percentage of the whole plant, appearing on a small amount of the leaves. A small infection only puts minor stress on the plant. However, if left untreated and the disease progresses over numerous seasons, it will severely impact the health and productivity of the infected specimen.
  • Sporulation begins (reproduction of the fungal spores), and tiny spots appear on leaves.
  • Placement is often random and scattered as diseases are spread through raindrops.
  • May appear on lower leaves and the interior of the plant where humidity is higher.
  • Brown spots enlarge and grow large enough to touch neighboring spots to form a more prominent blotch.
  • Leaf margins may turn yellow.
  • Tiny black dots (fruiting bodies of the fungi) appear in the dead spots.
  • Blotches grow in size until the entire leaf is brown.
  • The leaf falls off the plant.
Severe Symptoms
  • Partial or complete premature defoliation
  • Reduced growth
  • Increased susceptibility to pests and other diseases
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
Brown spot, or leaf spot, is a common descriptive term given to several diseases affecting the leaves of plants and trees. Around 85% of diseases exhibiting leaf spots are due to fungus or fungus-like organisms. Sometimes brown spot is caused by a bacterial infection, or insect activity with similar symptoms.
When conditions are warm and the leaf surfaces are wet, fungal spores being transported by wind or rain land on the surface and cling to it. They do not rupture the cell walls but grow in the space between the plant plasma membrane and the plant cell wall. As the spores reproduce, they release toxins and enzymes that cause necrotic spots (i.e., dead tissue) on the leaves, allowing the fungi to consume the products released when the cells degrade.
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Leaf beetles
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Leaf beetles
Leaf beetles are a class of colored insects 1 to 2 cm in size. They gnaw on leaves and petals resulting in small, round holes scattered over the surface.
Overview
Overview
Leaf beetles range in size from 1.5 mm to 2 cm. Both adult beetles and their larvae eat the leaves of many different types of plants. There are over 35,000 different species of leaf beetles, in a variety of colors including gold, green, yellow-striped, and red striped. Some of these have been mistaken for ladybirds because of their shape and coloring. They can be oval, round, or elongated in shape. These insect pests are most active in spring and summer.
If not controlled, leaf beetles can do a lot of damage to vegetable crops and ornamental plants. They feed on the leaves, flowers, stems, roots, and fruits of different plants. They can fly, which means it's easy for them to move from one plant to another. Some species of leaf beetles only target one specific crop, while others will target many different types of plants. Although a lot of the damage that they cause is cosmetic, an infestation can weaken a plant and leave it prone to other more problematic diseases.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
The first signs of a leaf beetles infestation are small visible holes in leaves. Leaves then become discolored and dark beetle droppings can be seen. As the leaves turn yellow and brown, they will drop off the plant onto the ground. Some leaves will appear skeletonized with only the veins still remaining.
Infestation begins in spring, when the adult beetles emerge from the soil and lay their eggs on the leaves of plants. When these eggs hatch, the young nymphs start munching on the leaves as they grow up. Once leaf beetles are large and mature, they'll fall to the ground and pupate in the soil over winter before starting the cycle all over again.
Leaf beetles also eat holes in fruits and vegetables. These can be seen as small round holes that sometimes have a larger brown area surrounding them.
Solutions
Solutions
For less serious cases:
  1. Remove beetles, nymphs, and eggs. Remove all life stages of the beetles and kill them by placing them in a bucket of warm, soapy water. This can be done more easily by placing the bucket under affected leaves and shaking the plant. This method is most effective in the afternoon when leaf beetles are more active. Always dispose of insects in a sealed bag or container to avoid escape and spread.
To treat more serious infestations:
  1. Apply organic insecticides. Use naturally-derived insecticides before moving on to synthetic insecticides. Neem oil and pyrethrum are naturally-derived insecticides that should be applied following label instructions.
  2. Apply synthetic insecticides. Examples of insecticides effective for leaf beetles include carbaryl, permethrin, and bifenthrin. Apply insecticides according to label instructions.
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Black spot
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Black spot
Infection by the black spot pathogen causes black spots or patches to appear on leaves.
Overview
Overview
Black spot is a fungus that largely attacks leaves on a variety of ornamental plants, leaving them covered in dark spots ringed with yellow, and eventually killing them. The fungus is often simply unsightly, but if it infects the whole plant it can interfere with photosynthesis by killing too many leaves. Because of this, it is important to be aware of the best methods for preventing and treating this diseases should it occur in the garden.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
Here are a few of the most common symptoms of black spot:
  • The plant has developed small black spots along the leaves.
  • These spots be small, circular, and clustered together, or they may have a splotchy appearance and take up large portions of the leaves.
  • The fungus may also affect plant canes, where lesions start purple and then turn black.
  • The plant may suffer premature leaf drop.
Though most forms of black spot fungus pose little risk to a plant's overall health, many gardeners find them unsightly. Severe cases can also weaken a plant, so it becomes more susceptible to other pathogens and diseases.
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
Black spot is spread by various types of fungi, which differ slightly depending on whether they are in their sexual or asexual stages.
The fungal spores linger over the winter in fallen leaves and lesions on canes. In the spring, the spores are splashed up onto the leaves, causing infection within seven hours of moisture and when temperatures range between 24 to 29 ℃ with a high relative humidity.
In just two weeks, thousands of additional spores are produced, making it easy for the disease to infect nearby healthy plants as well.
There are several factors that could make a plant more likely to suffer a black spot infection. Here are some of the most common:
  • Exposure to infected plants or mulch (the fungus overwinters on dead leaves)
  • Weakening from physical damage, pest infestation or other infections.
  • Increased periods of wet, humid, warm weather – or exposure to overhead watering
  • Plants growing too close together
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Nutrient deficiencies
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Nutrient deficiencies
A lack of nutrients will cause a widespread yellowing of the leaves. The yellowing may begin at the base or top of the plant.
Overview
Overview
Nutrient deficiencies can be seen in many different ways on plants. Basically, the lack of nutrients will inhibit plant growth, produce weak stems and leaves, and leave plants open to infection from pests and diseases. Plants use the nutrients from the soil to help them with photosynthesis. This, in turn, produces healthy plant growth. Plants that lack adequate amounts of nutrients will look lackluster and unhealthy. Eventually, if this is not addressed, it will cause the plants to die. The most important nutrients that plants need are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. Additionally, plants require small amounts of micronutrients such as iron, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, and molybdenum.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
A common sign that plants are experiencing nutrient deficiencies is the yellowing of leaves. This may be an overall yellowing or leaves that are yellow but still have green veins. These leaves will eventually brown off and die.
Another sign is the loss of plant vigor. The plants may not be growing as well as they should or their growth may be stunted.
Below are some common symptoms that appear when plants are lacking in nutrients.
Nitrogen (N): Inner, older leaves yellow first. If the deficiency is severe, yellowing progresses outward to newer growth.
Potassium (K): Leaf edges may turn brown and crinkly, with a yellowing layer forming just inside of the edge. Older leaves tend to be impacted first.
Phosphorus (P): Lack of vigorous growth. Plants will appear stunted.
Zinc (Zn): Yellowing tends to occur first at the base of the leaf.
Copper (Cu): Newer leaves begin to yellow first, with older leaves yellowing only if the deficiency becomes severe.
Boron (B): Newer leaves are impacted first. Foliage may also become particularly brittle in cases of boron deficiency.
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
There are several factors that can lead to nutrient deficiencies, a situation where plants are not receiving the nutrients that they need. This could be because they are planted in nutrient-deficient soils, or that the soil's pH is too high or low. Incorrect soil pH can lock up certain nutrients, thus making them unavailable to plants. Lack of soil moisture can also be a problem, because plants need water to be able to absorb the nutrients from the soil.
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distribution

Distribution of French rose

Habitat of French rose

Hedges, Woods, Calcareous soils
Northern Hemisphere
South Hemisphere

Distribution Map of French rose

French roses main origin is Europe, growing in sunny, well-drained soil, mainly in the forest. It was also introduced in North America and Australia.
distribution map
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Potentially invasive
Exotic
No species reported
habit
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More Info on French Rose Growth and Care

Basic Care Guide
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Water
Every 1-2 weeks
French rose originates from Europe, predominantly in areas like southern and central France with a moderate, maritime climate. This climate is typically characterized by regular rainfall throughout the year. As such, french rose thrives on consistent watering to mimic these conditions. Simply put, it needs a 'soak and dry' approach, watered deeply but infrequently, which allows the plant to dry out between waterings to prevent oversaturation. This matches its native environment's pattern of mixed dry and wet spells.
Watering Techniques
Lighting
Full sun
French rose thrives best in areas that are continuously bathed in light throughout the day, allowing it to perform photosynthesis at an optimal rate. It can, however, endure in zones with less light exposure. Too much or insufficient light can cause leaf discoloration or inhibit blooming.
Best Sunlight Practices
Temperature
-25 - 38 ℃
The french rose plant is native to temperate regions, thus requires a cool climate with a temperature range of 41 to 95℉ (5 to 35℃). It can tolerate a wide temperature range, however the best growth occurs between 68 to 77℉ (20 to 25℃). In winter, the temperature needs to be kept above 32℉ (0℃) to prevent frost damage.
Temp for Healthy Growth
Transplant
3-4 feet
For a flourishing french rose, transplant during early to mid-spring or mid to late fall, as these cooler seasons promote robust root development. Choose a location offering well-drained soil and abundant sunlight. Gentle care during transplant ensures a seamless transition for your lovely french rose garden addition.
Transplant Techniques
Pollination
Normal
Fascinatingly, pollination in french rose primarily involves friendly bees, attracted by the plant's alluring fragrance and vivid colors. Their unique mechanism involves transferring pollen from male to female parts of the same or different flowers, facilitating fertilization. This wonderfully choreographed process is precisely timed, typically occurring during daylight hours when bees are most active.
Pollination Techniques
Pruning
Spring, Winter
This heritage rose is renowned for its intensely fragrant, semi-double flowers. For french rose, pruning should emphasize shaping and thinning to enhance air circulation and light penetration. Prune in late winter or early spring, cutting back to outward-facing buds. Deadheading promotes prolonged blooming. Specific care includes removing dead or diseased wood and shortening main canes. Pruning benefits french rose by invigorating growth and encouraging vibrant blooms, essential for maintaining plant health and aesthetics.
Pruning techniques
Feng shui direction
South
French rose being known for its harmonious aura and ability to connect with the earth element, favorably resonates with the South-facing direction. This alignment brings forth prosperity and positive energy, yet still maintaining a balance that could appeal to those who are sensitive to the complex nuances of Feng Shui.
Fengshui Details
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Montbretia
Montbretia
Montbretia (*Crocosmia crocosmiiflora*) is a hybrid flowering plant native to France. The Latin name *Crocosmia crocosmiiflora* is derived from the Greek word "*krokus*" (saffron) and "*osme*" (smell). This plant's dried flowers smell of saffron when hot water is added to them.
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Poison ivy
Poison ivy
In pop culture, poison ivy is a symbol of an obnoxious weed because, despite its unthreatening looks, it gives a highly unpleasant contact rash to the unfortunate person who touches it. Still, it is commonly eaten by many animals, and the seeds are a favorite with birds. The leaves turn bright red in fall. Its sister species, Western poison ivy (Toxicodendron rydbergii), is not considered to be invasive in the United States, but is noxious in Australia and New Zealand.
Pokeweed
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French rose
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French rose
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French rose
French rose
Rosa gallica
Also known as: Official Rose, Shrub Roses, Provence rose, Gallic rose
French rose (*Rosa gallica*) is a flowering deciduous shrub native to central and Southern Europe. It was one of the first rose species to be cultivated in Europe; french rose got its domesticated start with ancient Greeks and Romans and was later used in medieval gardens. Today, this cold-tolerant flower's numerous cultivars adorn gardens worldwide.
Water
Water
Every 1-2 weeks
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Sunlight
Sunlight
Full sun
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Questions About French rose

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What's the best method to water my French rose?
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Key Facts About French rose

Attributes of French rose

Lifespan
Perennial
Plant Type
Shrub
Planting Time
Fall, Winter, Spring
Bloom Time
Early summer, Mid summer
Harvest Time
Late summer, Early fall, Mid fall
Plant Height
1 m to 2 m
Spread
1 m
Leaf Color
Green
Flower Size
4 cm to 7 cm
Flower Color
Pink
Red
Fruit Color
Brown
Red
Orange
Dormancy
Winter dormancy
Leaf type
Deciduous
Ideal Temperature
5 - 35 ℃
Pollinators
Bees
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Name story

French rose
This plant is the most ancient cultivated rose. It was popularized by Europeans before 1250 AD. Its botanical name, Rosa gallica can be referred to the meaning of "Gallic rose of the herbalist's workshop". The meaning actually comes from Gaul which encompasses France. Hence, it is now called French rose.
Apothecary's rose
Long-time ago, it was believed that its fruits can be consumed as food and also, as a medical product. The fact that it is called apothecary's rose is enough to reflect its role in the early stage of medicine.

Symbolism

Grace, sweetness, true love

Usages

Garden Use
A long-standing garden favorite, french rose is prized for its extremely showy flowers with a delightful bouquet. This low-maintenance plant is a major attractor of butterflies and birds too. This rose makes a good bedding or border plant and is resilient enough to thrive in poor growing conditions. French rose is an asset to informal, coastal, and cottage gardens. Many plants make great partners for this rose, including bellflower, larkspur, pansies, and spurge.

Trivia and Interesting Facts

The french rose has contributed to a great majority of modern European rose cultivars. These cultivars are so ancient that their exact origin and the species involved are usually lost to memory. However, all those that are believed to have Rosa gallica in their ancestry, and share similar traits, are considered part of the "Gallica Group" of rose cultivars.

Scientific Classification of French rose

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Common Pests & Diseases About French rose

Common issues for French rose based on 10 million real cases
Flower withering
Flower withering Flower withering Flower withering
Flowers may dry out due to a sudden change in environment or because the plant has completed its normal flowering period.
Solutions: If flower withering is a natural progression due to age, there is nothing that can be done to slow or stop the process. Once hormones within the plant begin the process of senescence, it’s irreversible. For lack of water, immediately water the plant using room temperature rainwater, bottled spring water, or filtered tap water. Water container plants until excess water drains out the bottom; water in-ground plants until the soil is soaked but there isn’t standing water on the surface. In the event of nutritional deficiencies, the best solution is to use a granular or water-soluble liquid fertilizer, and apply it to the soil at about half the recommended dosage. Keep it off the leaves and make sure granular products are watered into the soil well. If the plant is infected with a bacterial or fungal pathogen, there is no course of treatment that cures the diseased plants. The best solution is to remove the infected plants and dispose of the plant material off-site. Do not put in a compost pile.
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Wilting after blooming
Wilting after blooming Wilting after blooming Wilting after blooming
Flowers may wither for a variety of reasons.
Solutions: Check the soil or potting medium. Coarse textures can allow water to drain too rapidly, preventing the plant from taking up enough. If the soil and roots seem very dry, add sphagnum moss or other mediums that hold water. Water according to recommendations for each plant's species. Low humidity can be corrected by misting the plant regularly or placing it near a humidifier. Keeping it near other plants helps, too. Keep the environment consistent in terms of temperature, humidity, and lighting. Keep it away from vents, heaters, and air conditioners, and avoid moving it to locations where it will experience a temperature shock. Hot, dry heat, and cold drafts are problematic for many plants. Especially if the plant is outside, it could be experiencing heat or light stress. Try moving it to a shadier location.
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Brown spot
Brown spot Brown spot Brown spot
This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.
Solutions: In minor cases of brown spot, there isn’t any need to treat the disease. However, if much of the foliage is affected and defoliation occurs, the plant will benefit from getting rid of the infection. It is recommended to start by applying organic treatment options, working up to the more potent synthetic, chemical fungicides if necessary. Organic options won’t kill the fungus, but will prevent it from spreading. Dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda and one teaspoon of liquid soap in a gallon of water. Using a spray bottle, spray on tops and bottoms of leaves until the mixture drips off. Repeat every two weeks until existing spots stop enlarging and new spots no longer appear. Spray a copper-based fungicidal soap on the leaves, coating the top and bottom leaf surfaces. Reapply as directed on the product label. Copper penetrates the leaf surface and prevents germination of spores so the fungus cannot spread. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully.
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Leaf beetles
Leaf beetles Leaf beetles Leaf beetles
Leaf beetles are a class of colored insects 1 to 2 cm in size. They gnaw on leaves and petals resulting in small, round holes scattered over the surface.
Solutions: For less serious cases: Remove beetles, nymphs, and eggs. Remove all life stages of the beetles and kill them by placing them in a bucket of warm, soapy water. This can be done more easily by placing the bucket under affected leaves and shaking the plant. This method is most effective in the afternoon when leaf beetles are more active. Always dispose of insects in a sealed bag or container to avoid escape and spread. To treat more serious infestations: Apply organic insecticides. Use naturally-derived insecticides before moving on to synthetic insecticides. Neem oil and pyrethrum are naturally-derived insecticides that should be applied following label instructions. Apply synthetic insecticides. Examples of insecticides effective for leaf beetles include carbaryl, permethrin, and bifenthrin. Apply insecticides according to label instructions.
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Black spot
Black spot Black spot Black spot
Infection by the black spot pathogen causes black spots or patches to appear on leaves.
Solutions: Some steps to take to address black spot include: Prune away any infected leaves, cleaning the pruners between plants with a 10% bleach solution so that the fungus does not spread to healthy leaves. Don't compost pruned plant parts as the spores can linger in the soil for a long period of time - instead, dispose of them in the trash. Use an approved fungicide such as Trifloxystrobin, Chlorothalonil, Maneb, or Myclobutanil. Use a spreader in the fungicide spray to ensure better coverage.
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Nutrient deficiencies
Nutrient deficiencies Nutrient deficiencies Nutrient deficiencies
A lack of nutrients will cause a widespread yellowing of the leaves. The yellowing may begin at the base or top of the plant.
Solutions: There are several easy ways to remedy the nutrient deficiencies in soils. Use a water-soluble fertilizer. Fertilizers will include most or all of the macro and micro-nutrients the plants need to thrive. Adding some fertilizer to the soil will make those nutrients available and can combat deficiencies. Regularly apply organic fertilizer pellets. Organic fertilizers such as animal manures and bonemeal can supply plants with all the nutrients that they need to grow strong and healthy. Apply compost. Though not as finely tuned as artificial fertilizer, compost can nevertheless be rich in important nutrients and should be applied to the soil regularly. Apply nutrients via foliar application. In addition to supplementing the soil with nutrients, foliar fertilizer can be applied directly to the plant's leaves. Nutrients offered via foliar application are often taken up even quicker than those put in the soil, so the foliar application can be great for swiftly addressing specific deficiencies.
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Flower withering
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Flower withering
Flowers may dry out due to a sudden change in environment or because the plant has completed its normal flowering period.
Overview
Overview
Flower withering occurs when flowers become weak, droopy, wilted, or faded until they can’t be revived. During withering, they begin to wrinkle and shrink until the flower becomes completely dry or dead.
Any flowers, regardless of the plant type or the climate they are grown in, are susceptible to withering. It is a worldwide problem across houseplants, herbs, flowering ornamentals, trees, shrubs, garden vegetables, and food crops.
Unlike wilting—which withering is often confused with—withering can be caused by different things and is often due to more than a lack of water. Withering can be fatal in severe cases.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
Flower withering progresses from very mild cases to severe occurrences that kill the flower. The severity of the symptoms is related to the cause and how long the condition is allowed to progress before action is taken.
  • Wilted, droopy flowers
  • Petals and leaves begin to wrinkle
  • Brown papery streaks or spots appear on the petals and leaf tips
  • Flowerhead shrink in size
  • Petal color fades
  • Yellowing leaves
  • Complete death of the flower
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
The main causes of flower withering include natural age progress, lack of water, nutritional deficiencies, and bacterial or fungal diseases. It’s critical to determine the underlying cause when flower withering is noticed. This will guide the best course of action, if treatment is possible.
Check the soil for moisture and then closely examine the entire plant for signs of nutrient deficiencies. If neither of those appears to be the cause then cut open the stem below a flower. If a cross-section reveals brown or rust-colored stains it is safe to assume that this is a bacterial or fungal infection.
If the flower is nearing the end of its normal lifespan, genetic coding within the plant increases the production of ethylene, a phytohormone that controls senescence, or cell aging and death. Cell division stops and the plant begins breaking down resources within the flower to use in other parts of the plant.
In all other cases, flower withering happens when the plant seals off the stem as a defense mechanism, stopping transport within the vascular system. This prevents further water loss through the flowers but also stops bacteria and fungi from moving to healthy parts of the plant. Once water and nutrient transport stops, the flower begins to wither and ultimately die.
Solutions
Solutions
If flower withering is a natural progression due to age, there is nothing that can be done to slow or stop the process. Once hormones within the plant begin the process of senescence, it’s irreversible.
For lack of water, immediately water the plant using room temperature rainwater, bottled spring water, or filtered tap water. Water container plants until excess water drains out the bottom; water in-ground plants until the soil is soaked but there isn’t standing water on the surface.
In the event of nutritional deficiencies, the best solution is to use a granular or water-soluble liquid fertilizer, and apply it to the soil at about half the recommended dosage. Keep it off the leaves and make sure granular products are watered into the soil well.
If the plant is infected with a bacterial or fungal pathogen, there is no course of treatment that cures the diseased plants. The best solution is to remove the infected plants and dispose of the plant material off-site. Do not put in a compost pile.
Prevention
Prevention
This is definitely one of those instances where prevention is more effective than cure. Here are some preventative measures for avoiding premature flower withering.
  • Water plants according to their needs -- either keep the soil slightly moist or allow the top inch or two to dry out before watering again.
  • Fertilize lightly on a consistent basis, depending upon the plant’s growth. Quick-growing plants and those that flower or develop fruit will need more frequent fertilizing than slow-growing plants.
  • Purchase plants that are certified disease- or pathogen-free.
  • Look for disease-resistant cultivars.
  • Isolate plants showing disease symptoms to prevent the spread to neighboring plants.
  • Practice good plant hygiene by removing any fallen plant material as soon as possible.
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Wilting after blooming
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Wilting after blooming
Flowers may wither for a variety of reasons.
Overview
Overview
Wilting after blooming is sometimes a natural aging process of the flower, while other times it may indicate a problem. Orchids, for example, can bloom for anywhere from two weeks to three months, so wilting after a few days signals a problem for most varieties. This can happen to virtually any ornamental flowering plant, but those with shallow roots and limited tolerance for drought, full sun, and low humidity are more susceptible.
This is a common problem, and often has an easy fix. Sometimes, however, it is the result of more serious causes such as pests or disease of the root system.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
  • At first, flowers may look a little limp.
  • Petals may start to appear dried out and turn brown.
  • Eventually they may drop off the plant all together.
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
Wilting blooms can be a sign of an unhealthy root system. Any condition that prevents the plant from absorbing enough water and nutrition can result in wilting blooms and sometimes other symptoms. If the plant doesn’t have enough water, it cannot maintain appropriate pressure within stems, leaves, and blooms, causing them to wilt.
This can result from physical damage – for example from root breakage during re-potting or attack by insects like cutworms. If you recently re-potted your plant, physical damage to the roots is a likely cause. If you see insects, they may be eating leaves, roots, or flowers. Fungal infections can also cause root rot and damage, preventing water and nutrient uptake.
Finally, wilting blooms can result simply from age. If no other symptoms are visible, it may simply signal the natural end of the flower’s lifespan. If it seems premature, this may be caused by environmental factors: water, humidity, light, or stress. Under-watering is a common cause. Similarly, plants adapted to high humidity dry out easily when humidity is low, like during winter or in dry climates. Too much light can also stress plants that need shade, causing blooms to wilt.
Solutions
Solutions
  • Check the soil or potting medium. Coarse textures can allow water to drain too rapidly, preventing the plant from taking up enough. If the soil and roots seem very dry, add sphagnum moss or other mediums that hold water.
  • Water according to recommendations for each plant's species.
  • Low humidity can be corrected by misting the plant regularly or placing it near a humidifier. Keeping it near other plants helps, too.
  • Keep the environment consistent in terms of temperature, humidity, and lighting. Keep it away from vents, heaters, and air conditioners, and avoid moving it to locations where it will experience a temperature shock. Hot, dry heat, and cold drafts are problematic for many plants.
  • Especially if the plant is outside, it could be experiencing heat or light stress. Try moving it to a shadier location.
Prevention
Prevention
  • Read up on moisture, light, and soil type preferences for each plant to avoid underwatering, incorrect light levels, or other conditions that can cause wilting blooms.
  • Avoid re-potting during the flowering period. This causes additional stress on the plants because they need to repair root damage and adapt to the new micro-environment, all of which can result in wilting.
  • One other potential cause is ethylene gas, a plant hormone related to ripening. Some fruits and vegetables emit ethylene, especially bananas. Apples, grapes, melons, avocados, and potatoes can also give it off, so keep flowering plants away from fresh produce.
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Brown spot
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Brown spot
This infection can cause brown spots or patches to appear on the plant.
Overview
Overview
Discolored spots on the foliage of plants are one of the most common disease problems people observe. These spots are caused by fungal and bacterial diseases, with most infections related to a fungal pathogen.
Brown spot can occurs on all houseplants, flowering ornamentals, vegetable plants, and leaves of trees, bushes, and shrubs. No plants are resistant to it, and the problem is worse in warm, wet environments. It can occur at any point in the life stage as long as leaves are present.
Small brownish spots appear on the foliage and enlarge as the disease progresses. In severe cases, the plant or tree is weakened when the lesions interrupt photosynthesis or cause defoliation.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
In most cases, brown spot only affects a small percentage of the whole plant, appearing on a small amount of the leaves. A small infection only puts minor stress on the plant. However, if left untreated and the disease progresses over numerous seasons, it will severely impact the health and productivity of the infected specimen.
  • Sporulation begins (reproduction of the fungal spores), and tiny spots appear on leaves.
  • Placement is often random and scattered as diseases are spread through raindrops.
  • May appear on lower leaves and the interior of the plant where humidity is higher.
  • Brown spots enlarge and grow large enough to touch neighboring spots to form a more prominent blotch.
  • Leaf margins may turn yellow.
  • Tiny black dots (fruiting bodies of the fungi) appear in the dead spots.
  • Blotches grow in size until the entire leaf is brown.
  • The leaf falls off the plant.
Severe Symptoms
  • Partial or complete premature defoliation
  • Reduced growth
  • Increased susceptibility to pests and other diseases
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
Brown spot, or leaf spot, is a common descriptive term given to several diseases affecting the leaves of plants and trees. Around 85% of diseases exhibiting leaf spots are due to fungus or fungus-like organisms. Sometimes brown spot is caused by a bacterial infection, or insect activity with similar symptoms.
When conditions are warm and the leaf surfaces are wet, fungal spores being transported by wind or rain land on the surface and cling to it. They do not rupture the cell walls but grow in the space between the plant plasma membrane and the plant cell wall. As the spores reproduce, they release toxins and enzymes that cause necrotic spots (i.e., dead tissue) on the leaves, allowing the fungi to consume the products released when the cells degrade.
Solutions
Solutions
In minor cases of brown spot, there isn’t any need to treat the disease. However, if much of the foliage is affected and defoliation occurs, the plant will benefit from getting rid of the infection. It is recommended to start by applying organic treatment options, working up to the more potent synthetic, chemical fungicides if necessary.
Organic options won’t kill the fungus, but will prevent it from spreading.
  1. Dissolve ½ teaspoon of baking soda and one teaspoon of liquid soap in a gallon of water. Using a spray bottle, spray on tops and bottoms of leaves until the mixture drips off. Repeat every two weeks until existing spots stop enlarging and new spots no longer appear.
  2. Spray a copper-based fungicidal soap on the leaves, coating the top and bottom leaf surfaces. Reapply as directed on the product label. Copper penetrates the leaf surface and prevents germination of spores so the fungus cannot spread.
  3. Apply an all-purpose fungicide to the entire plant, following the label instructions carefully.
Prevention
Prevention
Like many other diseases, it is easier to prevent brown spot than cure it, and this is done through cultural practices.
  • Clear fall leaves from the ground before winter to minimize places where fungi and bacteria can overwinter.
  • Maintain good air movement between plants through proper plant spacing.
  • Increase air circulation through the center of plants through pruning.
  • Thoroughly clean all pruning tools after working with diseased plants.
  • Never dispose of disease plant material in a compost pile.
  • Avoid overhead watering to keep moisture off of the foliage.
  • Keep plants healthy by providing adequate sunlight, water, and fertilizer.
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Leaf beetles
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Leaf beetles
Leaf beetles are a class of colored insects 1 to 2 cm in size. They gnaw on leaves and petals resulting in small, round holes scattered over the surface.
Overview
Overview
Leaf beetles range in size from 1.5 mm to 2 cm. Both adult beetles and their larvae eat the leaves of many different types of plants. There are over 35,000 different species of leaf beetles, in a variety of colors including gold, green, yellow-striped, and red striped. Some of these have been mistaken for ladybirds because of their shape and coloring. They can be oval, round, or elongated in shape. These insect pests are most active in spring and summer.
If not controlled, leaf beetles can do a lot of damage to vegetable crops and ornamental plants. They feed on the leaves, flowers, stems, roots, and fruits of different plants. They can fly, which means it's easy for them to move from one plant to another. Some species of leaf beetles only target one specific crop, while others will target many different types of plants. Although a lot of the damage that they cause is cosmetic, an infestation can weaken a plant and leave it prone to other more problematic diseases.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
The first signs of a leaf beetles infestation are small visible holes in leaves. Leaves then become discolored and dark beetle droppings can be seen. As the leaves turn yellow and brown, they will drop off the plant onto the ground. Some leaves will appear skeletonized with only the veins still remaining.
Infestation begins in spring, when the adult beetles emerge from the soil and lay their eggs on the leaves of plants. When these eggs hatch, the young nymphs start munching on the leaves as they grow up. Once leaf beetles are large and mature, they'll fall to the ground and pupate in the soil over winter before starting the cycle all over again.
Leaf beetles also eat holes in fruits and vegetables. These can be seen as small round holes that sometimes have a larger brown area surrounding them.
Solutions
Solutions
For less serious cases:
  1. Remove beetles, nymphs, and eggs. Remove all life stages of the beetles and kill them by placing them in a bucket of warm, soapy water. This can be done more easily by placing the bucket under affected leaves and shaking the plant. This method is most effective in the afternoon when leaf beetles are more active. Always dispose of insects in a sealed bag or container to avoid escape and spread.
To treat more serious infestations:
  1. Apply organic insecticides. Use naturally-derived insecticides before moving on to synthetic insecticides. Neem oil and pyrethrum are naturally-derived insecticides that should be applied following label instructions.
  2. Apply synthetic insecticides. Examples of insecticides effective for leaf beetles include carbaryl, permethrin, and bifenthrin. Apply insecticides according to label instructions.
Prevention
Prevention
To prevent infestations of leaf beetles, follow these practices.
  1. Regularly check for beetles. To prevent large pest infestations, be proactive about frequently checking plants for pests and removing them quickly.
  2. Clear debris. Clear weeds and debris to remove areas where these beetles may overwinter and hide.
  3. Attract natural predators. Birds and other insects, such as wasps and ladybugs, are effective natural predators of leaf beetles. Encourage them to visit by including a diverse array of plants to provide habitat and food. Also, avoid applying broad-spectrum herbicides that can harm and kill beneficial insects.
  4. Plant aromatic herbs like mint, garlic, or rosemary, as these can repel leaf beetles.
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Black spot
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Black spot
Infection by the black spot pathogen causes black spots or patches to appear on leaves.
Overview
Overview
Black spot is a fungus that largely attacks leaves on a variety of ornamental plants, leaving them covered in dark spots ringed with yellow, and eventually killing them. The fungus is often simply unsightly, but if it infects the whole plant it can interfere with photosynthesis by killing too many leaves. Because of this, it is important to be aware of the best methods for preventing and treating this diseases should it occur in the garden.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
Here are a few of the most common symptoms of black spot:
  • The plant has developed small black spots along the leaves.
  • These spots be small, circular, and clustered together, or they may have a splotchy appearance and take up large portions of the leaves.
  • The fungus may also affect plant canes, where lesions start purple and then turn black.
  • The plant may suffer premature leaf drop.
Though most forms of black spot fungus pose little risk to a plant's overall health, many gardeners find them unsightly. Severe cases can also weaken a plant, so it becomes more susceptible to other pathogens and diseases.
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
Black spot is spread by various types of fungi, which differ slightly depending on whether they are in their sexual or asexual stages.
The fungal spores linger over the winter in fallen leaves and lesions on canes. In the spring, the spores are splashed up onto the leaves, causing infection within seven hours of moisture and when temperatures range between 24 to 29 ℃ with a high relative humidity.
In just two weeks, thousands of additional spores are produced, making it easy for the disease to infect nearby healthy plants as well.
There are several factors that could make a plant more likely to suffer a black spot infection. Here are some of the most common:
  • Exposure to infected plants or mulch (the fungus overwinters on dead leaves)
  • Weakening from physical damage, pest infestation or other infections.
  • Increased periods of wet, humid, warm weather – or exposure to overhead watering
  • Plants growing too close together
Solutions
Solutions
Some steps to take to address black spot include:
  • Prune away any infected leaves, cleaning the pruners between plants with a 10% bleach solution so that the fungus does not spread to healthy leaves.
  • Don't compost pruned plant parts as the spores can linger in the soil for a long period of time - instead, dispose of them in the trash.
  • Use an approved fungicide such as Trifloxystrobin, Chlorothalonil, Maneb, or Myclobutanil.
  • Use a spreader in the fungicide spray to ensure better coverage.
Prevention
Prevention
Here are a few tips to prevent black spot outbreaks.
  • Purchase resistant varieties: Invest in fungus-resistant plant varieties to reduce the chances for black spot diseases.
  • Remove infected plant debris: Fungi can overwinter in contaminated plant debris, so remove all fallen leaves from infected plants as soon as possible.
  • Rake and discard fallen leaves in the fall.
  • Prune regularly.
  • Water carefully: Fungal diseases spread when plants stay in moist conditions and when water droplets splash contaminated soil on plant leaves. Control these factors by only watering infected plants when the top few inches of soil are dry, and by watering at soil level to reduce splashback. Adding a layer of mulch to the soil will also reduce splashing.
  • Grow plants in an open, sunny locations so the foliage dries quickly.
  • Follow spacing guidelines when planting and avoid natural windbreaks for good air circulation.
  • Use chemical control: Regular doses of a fungicide, especially in the spring, can stop an outbreak before it begins.
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Nutrient deficiencies
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Nutrient deficiencies
A lack of nutrients will cause a widespread yellowing of the leaves. The yellowing may begin at the base or top of the plant.
Overview
Overview
Nutrient deficiencies can be seen in many different ways on plants. Basically, the lack of nutrients will inhibit plant growth, produce weak stems and leaves, and leave plants open to infection from pests and diseases. Plants use the nutrients from the soil to help them with photosynthesis. This, in turn, produces healthy plant growth. Plants that lack adequate amounts of nutrients will look lackluster and unhealthy. Eventually, if this is not addressed, it will cause the plants to die. The most important nutrients that plants need are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. Additionally, plants require small amounts of micronutrients such as iron, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, and molybdenum.
Symptom Analysis
Symptom Analysis
A common sign that plants are experiencing nutrient deficiencies is the yellowing of leaves. This may be an overall yellowing or leaves that are yellow but still have green veins. These leaves will eventually brown off and die.
Another sign is the loss of plant vigor. The plants may not be growing as well as they should or their growth may be stunted.
Below are some common symptoms that appear when plants are lacking in nutrients.
Nitrogen (N): Inner, older leaves yellow first. If the deficiency is severe, yellowing progresses outward to newer growth.
Potassium (K): Leaf edges may turn brown and crinkly, with a yellowing layer forming just inside of the edge. Older leaves tend to be impacted first.
Phosphorus (P): Lack of vigorous growth. Plants will appear stunted.
Zinc (Zn): Yellowing tends to occur first at the base of the leaf.
Copper (Cu): Newer leaves begin to yellow first, with older leaves yellowing only if the deficiency becomes severe.
Boron (B): Newer leaves are impacted first. Foliage may also become particularly brittle in cases of boron deficiency.
Disease Cause
Disease Cause
There are several factors that can lead to nutrient deficiencies, a situation where plants are not receiving the nutrients that they need. This could be because they are planted in nutrient-deficient soils, or that the soil's pH is too high or low. Incorrect soil pH can lock up certain nutrients, thus making them unavailable to plants. Lack of soil moisture can also be a problem, because plants need water to be able to absorb the nutrients from the soil.
Solutions
Solutions
There are several easy ways to remedy the nutrient deficiencies in soils.
  1. Use a water-soluble fertilizer. Fertilizers will include most or all of the macro and micro-nutrients the plants need to thrive. Adding some fertilizer to the soil will make those nutrients available and can combat deficiencies.
  2. Regularly apply organic fertilizer pellets. Organic fertilizers such as animal manures and bonemeal can supply plants with all the nutrients that they need to grow strong and healthy.
  3. Apply compost. Though not as finely tuned as artificial fertilizer, compost can nevertheless be rich in important nutrients and should be applied to the soil regularly.
  4. Apply nutrients via foliar application. In addition to supplementing the soil with nutrients, foliar fertilizer can be applied directly to the plant's leaves. Nutrients offered via foliar application are often taken up even quicker than those put in the soil, so the foliar application can be great for swiftly addressing specific deficiencies.
Prevention
Prevention
There are several easy ways to prevent nutrient deficiencies in plants.
  1. Regular fertilizing. Regular addition of fertilizer to the soil is one of the simplest and most effective ways to prevent deficiencies.
  2. Proper watering. Both over and under watering can adversely impact a plant's roots, which in turn makes it harder for them to properly take up nutrients.
  3. Testing the soil's pH. A soil's acidity or alkalinity will impact the degree to which certain nutrients are available to be taken up by plants. Knowing the soil's pH means it can be amended to suit the needs of the individual plants.
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distribution

Distribution of French rose

Habitat of French rose

Hedges, Woods, Calcareous soils
Northern Hemisphere
South Hemisphere

Distribution Map of French rose

French roses main origin is Europe, growing in sunny, well-drained soil, mainly in the forest. It was also introduced in North America and Australia.
distribution map
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Potentially invasive
Exotic
No species reported
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Water
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French Rose Watering Instructions
French rose originates from Europe, predominantly in areas like southern and central France with a moderate, maritime climate. This climate is typically characterized by regular rainfall throughout the year. As such, french rose thrives on consistent watering to mimic these conditions. Simply put, it needs a 'soak and dry' approach, watered deeply but infrequently, which allows the plant to dry out between waterings to prevent oversaturation. This matches its native environment's pattern of mixed dry and wet spells.
When Should I Water My French Rose?
Importance of Timely Watering
For french rose or Rosa gallica, timely watering is crucial. The appropriate watering routine contributes to the plant's health, ensuring it grows vibrant blooms and maintains robust foliage. Providing water at the right times can balance nutrients, enhance root growth, and prevent disease spread. Consistent access to water contributes to the plant's overall vitality.
Soil Color Change
The color of the soil around french rose can display the need for watering. If the top 1-2 inch layer of soil around the plant looks dry or significantly lighter than the deeper soil levels, it may be time to water.
Leaf Wilt
Wilted or droopy leaves are a clear indicator that french rose needs water. The plant's leaves should normally be firm and often a bit rigid. When they lose their robustness and start to droop or feel limp, it typically indicates a lack of sufficient water.
Leaf Color
French rose has naturally dark green leaves. When you observe noticeable yellowing or browning at the tips or edges of the leaves, or if the whole leaf become lighter in color, it usually suggests that the plant is thirsty and requires water immediately.
Slow Growth
If you notice that french rose is growing slower than usual despite optimal light and temperature conditions, it may likely be due to insufficient watering.
Risks of Improper Watering
Watering french rose too early or too often can risk drowning the plant, leading to root rot and eventually plant death. On the other hand, watering too late or insufficiently may cause dehydration, leading to slow growth, wilting leaves, and may even threaten the plant's survival.
Ignoring Signs
Ignoring the signs of necessary watering can lead to chronic plant stress, making it increasingly susceptible to disease and pests. It may also result in irreversible damage, causing the eventual loss of the plant.
How Should I Water My French Rose?
Watering Requirements
French rose, has specific watering needs and sensitivities that should be considered for optimal hydration.
Watering Technique
Bottom-watering can be an effective method for french rose. To do this, place the plant pot in a tray or saucer filled with water and allow the roots to absorb water from the bottom up. This helps prevent excess moisture on the foliage and minimizes the risk of fungal diseases.
Watering Can Type
When using a watering can for french rose, a narrow spout is recommended. This allows you to direct the water flow directly to the base of the plant, avoiding excessive wetting of the foliage and promoting targeted hydration at the root level.
Special Equipment
While not necessary, a moisture meter can be beneficial for monitoring the soil moisture levels of french rose. This can help ensure that the plant is receiving adequate hydration without being overwatered.
Focus Areas
When watering french rose, it is important to focus on the base of the plant and avoid wetting the foliage excessively. Watering directly onto the foliage can increase the risk of fungal diseases and damage the leaves.
Additional Tips
In addition to regular watering, french rose benefits from a thorough watering every 7-10 days during periods of active growth. It is important to allow the soil to dry slightly between waterings to avoid waterlogged conditions.
How Much Water Does French Rose Really Need?
Introduction
French rose is a species of plant native to Europe and the Middle East. It thrives in areas with well-draining soil and is adapted to regions with regular rainfall.
Optimal Watering Quantity
Root Depth: french rose's roots tend to be relatively shallow, typically reaching a depth of around 30 centimeters. It is important to provide consistent moisture to the top layer of soil where the roots are located. The amount of water needed depends on factors such as pot size and plant size. For a mature french rose plant in a medium-sized pot, it is recommended to use around 500 milliliters to 1 liter of water per watering session. Adjust the quantity based on the size of the pot and plant.
Signs of Proper Hydration
Leaf Appearance: Properly watered french rose plants will have lush, green leaves. The leaves should not appear wilted or droopy. Soil Moisture: The top layer of soil should feel slightly moist to the touch without being overly wet. Avoid letting the soil dry out completely between watering sessions.
Signs of Overwatering
Yellowing Leaves: If the leaves of french rose start turning yellow, it may be a sign of overwatering. Wilting: Overwatered plants may exhibit wilting, even though the soil is damp. Root Rot: Excessive moisture can cause the roots to become waterlogged and develop rot. Mold or Fungus: Overwatered soil can create an ideal environment for mold or fungus growth.
Signs of Underwatering
Wilting: Underwatered french rose plants may have wilted or drooping leaves. Dry Soil: The top layer of soil will feel dry to the touch. Reduced Flower Production: Insufficient water can result in a decrease in flower production.
Risks of Improper Watering
Overwatering french rose can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases. It can also deprive the plant of oxygen and result in poor nutrient uptake. Underwatering can cause the plant to become stressed, leading to stunted growth and reduced vitality.
Additional Advice
To ensure the right amount of water, it is recommended to water french rose deeply and then let the top layer of soil dry out slightly before watering again. This promotes healthy root growth and prevents waterlogging. Be cautious of excessive rainfall or overwatering during periods of high humidity.
How Often Should I Water French Rose?
Every 1-2 weeks
Watering Frequency
Smart Seasonal Watering
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Just like people, each plant has its own preferences and needs. Devote time to understanding your plants so you can nurture them properly. Observe your plants attentively, learning from their growth patterns, and becoming more in tune with their needs as you grow together. Keep a watchful eye on new plants and seedlings, as they are sensitive to both overwatering and underwatering. Shower them with gentle love and attention, fostering their growth and strength. Let the rhythm of your local climate guide your watering habits, adapting your schedule to the changing weather and the needs of your plants.
What Kind of Water is Best for French Rose?
Water Type Guide for french rose
Water Sensitivity: Moderate - french rose prefers well-draining soil and should not be overly saturated with water.
Water Types
Distilled Water: Ideal for french rose as it is pure and free of any contaminants or minerals. Rainwater: A suitable option for french rose as it is natural and free of chemicals. However, ensure it is collected in a clean container and not exposed to pollutants. Tap Water: Can be used if no other water sources are available. However, it may contain chlorine, fluoride, or high mineral content, which could affect french rose's health.
Chlorine Sensitivity
High - french rose is sensitive to chlorine in tap water, which can cause leaf burn and overall stress to the plant.
Water Treatments
Dechlorination: It is recommended to let tap water sit out for at least 24 hours before using it on french rose. This allows the chlorine to evaporate and makes it safer for the plant. Filtration: Using a carbon filter to remove chlorine, fluoride, or other harmful chemicals from tap water can benefit french rose.
Water Temperature Preferences
Moderate - french rose prefers water at room temperature (around 68-72°F or 20-22°C). Avoid using water that is too cold or too hot, as extreme temperatures can shock the plant.
How Do French Rose's Watering Needs Change with the Seasons?
How to Water french rose in Spring?
During the spring, french rose begins a season of rapid growth. As such, the plant requires regular watering to support this growth. Care should be taken to ensure the soil is moist, but not soaked. Water should never pool on the surface of the soil after watering. Keep an eye on rainfall levels, and decrease watering accordingly to avoid overwatering.
How to Water french rose in Summer?
As french rose moves into its flowering phase in the summer, watering needs increase. The plant will typically require more frequent watering to sustain its blooming phase under hot, dry conditions, always aiming to keep the soil consistently moist. However, avoid watering excessively as it can lead to diseases like root rot and black spot, a common rose disease. Mulching around the base can help maintain soil moisture in the hotter months.
How to Water french rose in Autumn?
In the autumn, the watering needs of the french rose decrease as the plant prepares for dormancy in the winter. Additionally, excess water in autumn can expose the plant to cold damage as temperatures drop. To water effectively, allow the soil to dry out between watering sessions, but ensure it doesn鈥檛 become too dry or compacted.
How to Water french rose in Winter?
During winter, french rose enters a dormancy period and its watering needs are the least compared to other seasons. Therefore, water sparingly only if the soil becomes excessively dry. Beware that overwatering can cause damage to the roots due to the frozen ground. Also, consider using protective measures such as winter mulch to reduce frost damage and provide additional moisture retention.
What Expert Tips Can Enhance French Rose Watering Routine?
Watering Tools
When watering french rose, it is recommended to use a watering can with a long spout or a drip irrigation system. These tools allow for precise watering directly at the base of the plant, minimizing water waste and reducing the risk of fungal diseases on the leaves.
Morning Watering
Water french rose in the early morning hours to allow the foliage and soil to dry out during the day. This helps prevent the spread of fungal diseases and allows the plant to fully absorb water before the heat of the day.
Deep Watering
Instead of frequent shallow watering, aim for deep watering sessions. This encourages the roots of french rose to grow deeper into the soil, increasing the plant's resilience to drought conditions and reducing the need for constant watering.
Soil Moisture Assessment
To accurately assess the moisture level of french rose's soil, use a moisture meter or your finger. Insert the meter or your finger into the soil up to a depth of 3-4 inches. If it feels slightly moist, it does not need watering yet. Wait until the soil feels mostly dry before watering again.
Avoid Over-Watering
Over-watering french rose can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases. To avoid this, ensure that the top inch of soil is dry before watering. Also, consider the plant's location and weather conditions, adjusting the frequency of watering accordingly.
Signs of Thirst
When french rose is in need of water, its leaves may appear droopy or wilted. However, be cautious not to mistake this with over-watering. To accurately determine if it needs watering, assess the soil moisture level using the techniques mentioned above.
Adjusting Watering in Special Conditions
During a heatwave, french rose may require more frequent watering to combat dehydration. Provide shade if possible to reduce water loss through evaporation. Additionally, if rainfall is abundant, adjust the watering frequency to prevent excessive moisture in the soil.
Watering Stressed Plants
If french rose is stressed due to transplanting, disease, or pests, be mindful not to over-water as this can exacerbate the problem. Instead, provide water at regular intervals, ensuring the soil remains slightly moist but not saturated.
Considering Hydroponics? How to Manage a Water-Grown French Rose?
Overview of Hydroponics
French rose is a plant that can be successfully grown using hydroponics, which is a method of growing plants in a water-based, nutrient-rich solution. Hydroponics offers several benefits for french rose cultivation, including faster growth, increased yield, and reduced water usage.
Best Hydroponic System
For growing french rose hydroponically, a deep water culture (DWC) system is recommended. This system involves suspending the plant's roots in a nutrient solution, providing them with constant access to oxygen and nutrients. DWC is ideal for french rose because it allows for proper aeration and ample root space.
Nutrient Solution
French rose requires a balanced nutrient solution with the following concentrations: - Nitrogen (N): 200 ppm - Phosphorus (P): 50 ppm - Potassium (K): 200 ppm - Calcium (Ca): 150 ppm - Magnesium (Mg): 75 ppm - Iron (Fe): 2 ppm. The pH level of the nutrient solution should be maintained between 5.8 and 6.2. It is recommended to change the nutrient solution every two to three weeks to ensure optimal nutrition for french rose.

French rose prefers a balanced nutrient solution with a pH of 5.8-6.2 for optimal growth.
Challenges and Issues
When growing french rose hydroponically, some common challenges and issues include: - Root rot: Ensure proper oxygenation by maintaining air stones or diffusers in the nutrient solution. - Nutrient imbalances: Regularly monitor nutrient levels and adjust accordingly. - Light requirements: french rose requires at least 12-16 hours of light per day, so provide adequate lighting in the hydroponic setup.
Monitoring Health
Monitor french rose's health in a hydroponic setup by observing the following signs of stress or common symptoms: - Wilting or drooping leaves: Indicates insufficient water or nutrient uptake. Adjust watering or nutrient solution accordingly. - Discolored leaves: May indicate nutrient deficiencies or imbalances. Check nutrient levels and adjust as needed. - Stunted growth: Could be a result of insufficient light or improper nutrient levels. Ensure proper lighting and nutrient solution concentration.

Monitor french rose's health in a hydroponic setup by checking for wilting or drooping leaves, discolored leaves, and stunted growth.
Adjusting the Hydroponic Environment
During different growth stages, french rose may have specific needs that should be considered: - Vegetative stage: Provide high-intensity lighting and increase nutrient solution concentration. - Flowering stage: Adjust lighting to include more red spectrum and reduce nitrogen levels in the nutrient solution. - Harvest stage: Begin flushing the plants with pure water to remove excess nutrients and enhance flavor.
Hydroponic System
The best hydroponic system for growing french rose is a deep water culture (DWC) system.
Nutrient Solution Requirements
French rose requires a nutrient solution with specific concentrations of nitrogen (200 ppm), phosphorus (50 ppm), potassium (200 ppm), calcium (150 ppm), magnesium (75 ppm), and iron (2 ppm).
Common Challenges
Common challenges when growing french rose hydroponically include root rot, nutrient imbalances, and meeting light requirements.
Adjusting the Environment
For french rose's different growth stages, adjust the hydroponic environment by providing proper lighting, adjusting nutrient levels, and flushing the plants during the harvest stage.
Important Symptoms
Overwatering Symptoms of French rose
French rose is more susceptible to developing disease symptoms when overwatered because it prefers a soil environment with moderate humidity. Symptoms of overwatering include yellowing leaves, root rot, leaf drop...
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(Symptom details and solutions)
Yellowing leaves
When plants receive too much water, the roots become oxygen deprived and the bottom leaves of the plant gradually turn yellow.
Root rot
Excess water in the soil can lead to the growth of harmful fungi and bacteria, causing the roots to rot and eventually kill the plant.
Leaf drop
When plants are overwatered, they may shed their leaves as a response to stress, even if the leaves appear green and healthy.
Mold and mildew
Overwatered plants create a damp environment that can encourage the growth of mold and mildew on soil.
Increased susceptibility diseases
Overwatering plants may become more susceptible and diseases as their overall health declines, weakening their natural defenses.
Solutions
1. Adjust watering frequency based on seasons and soil dryness. Wait for soil to dry before watering.2. Increase soil aeration by loosening surface and gently stirring with a wooden stick or chopstick.3. Optimize environment with good ventilation and warmth to enhance water evaporation and prevent overwatering.
Underwatering Symptoms of French rose
French rose is more susceptible to plant health issues when lacking watering, as it can only tolerate short periods of drought. Symptoms of dehydration include wilting, yellowing leaves, leaf drop...
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(Symptom details and solutions)
Wilting
Due to the dry soil and insufficient water absorption by the roots, the leaves of the plant will appear limp, droopy, and lose vitality.
Root damage
Prolonged underwatering can cause root damage, making it difficult for the plant to absorb water even when it is available.
Dry stems
Due to insufficient water, plant stems may become dry or brittle, making the branches easy to break.
Dying plant
If underwatering continues for an extended period, the plant may ultimately die as a result of severe water stress and an inability to carry out essential functions.
Solutions
1. Thoroughly saturate soil with slow ring watering to ensure uniform and sufficient moisture for plants. 2. Increase air humidity with water trays or misting to slow leaf water evaporation. 3. Watering according to the recommended frequency.Adjust watering frequency based on seasons and soil dryness.
Watering Troubleshooting for French Rose
Why are the leaves of my french rose turning yellow?
Yellow leaves on your french rose indicate overwatering. Rosa gallica prefers well-drained soil and too much water can lead to root rot. If you're watering your plant more than once a week, consider reducing the watering frequency. Always check the soil's moisture levels before watering. If the top inch of soil is dry, then your plant is ready for water.
Why is my french rose drooping despite regular watering?
Drooping is a sign of water stress, either due to waterlogging or dehydration. Rosa gallica needs its soil to be consistently moist but not waterlogged. Make sure your pot has good drainage. If overwatering is not the problem, your french rose might be underwatered. Water deeply until it starts to run out the bottom of the pot, but do this only when the top inch of the soil has dried out.
The edges of the leaves on my french rose are turning brown. What am I doing wrong?
Brown leaf edges on a french rose can suggest both overwatering and underwatering. Too much water can cause root rot or a salt buildup, leading to brown leaf edges. Not enough water can result in dehydration and similar browning. Monitor your watering closely, keeping the soil moist but not soggy, and ensure the pot has good drainage.
I notice a rough, white, crusty layer on top of the soil in the pot of my french rose. What does this mean?
A white, crusty layer is typically a sign of high salt levels in the soil, often caused by overwatering or using hard water. Salts in water can accumulate in the soil, damaging your french rose roots. If this is the case, flush the soil with distilled water to dissolve and wash away the salts, then ensure you're only watering when the top inch of soil is dry, and consider switching to rainwater or distilled water.
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Lighting
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Indoor
Outdoor
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Requirements
Full sun
Ideal
Above 6 hours sunlight
Partial sun
Tolerance
About 3-6 hours sunlight
Watch how sunlight gracefully moves through your garden, and choose spots that provide the perfect balance of light and shade for your plants, ensuring their happiness.
Essentials
French rose thrives best in areas that are continuously bathed in light throughout the day, allowing it to perform photosynthesis at an optimal rate. It can, however, endure in zones with less light exposure. Too much or insufficient light can cause leaf discoloration or inhibit blooming.
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Artificial lighting
Indoor plants require adequate lighting for optimal growth. When natural sunlight is insufficient, particularly in winter or in less sunny spaces, artificial lights offer a vital solution, promoting faster, healthier growth.
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Indoor plants require adequate lighting for optimal growth. When natural sunlight is insufficient, particularly in winter or in less sunny spaces, artificial lights offer a vital solution, promoting faster, healthier growth.
1. Choose the right type of artificial light: LED lights are a popular choice for indoor plant lighting because they can be customized to provide the specific wavelengths of light that your plants need.
Full sun plants need 30-50W/sq ft of artificial light, partial sun plants need 20-30W/sq ft, and full shade plants need 10-20W/sq ft.
2. Determine the appropriate distance: Place the light source 12-36 inches above the plant to mimic natural sunlight.
3. Determine the duration: Mimic the length of natural daylight hours for your plant species. most plants need 8-12 hours of light per day.
Important Symptoms
Symptoms of Insufficient Light in %s
French rose thrives in full sunlight but is sensitive to heat. As a plant commonly grown outdoors with abundant sunlight, it may exhibit subtle symptoms of light deficiency when placed in rooms with suboptimal lighting.
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Small leaves
New leaves may grow smaller in size compared to the previous ones once they have matured.
Leggy or sparse growth
The spaces between leaves or stems of your french rose may become longer, resulting in a thin and stretched-out appearance. This can make the plant look sparse and weak, and it may easily break or lean due to its own weight.
Faster leaf drop
When plants are exposed to low light conditions, they tend to shed older leaves early to conserve resources. Within a limited time, these resources can be utilized to grow new leaves until the plant's energy reserves are depleted.
Slower or no new growth
French rose enters a survival mode when light conditions are poor, which leads to a halt in leaf production. As a result, the plant's growth becomes delayed or stops altogether.
Lighter-colored new leaves
Insufficient sunlight can cause leaves to develop irregular color patterns or appear pale. This indicates a lack of chlorophyll and essential nutrients.
Solutions
1. To ensure optimal growth, gradually move plants to a sunnier location each week, until they receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Use a south-facing window and keep curtains open during the day for maximum sunlight exposure and nutrient accumulation.2. To provide additional light for your plant, consider using artificial light if it's large or not easily movable. Keep a desk or ceiling lamp on for at least 8 hours daily, or invest in professional plant grow lights for ample light.
Symptoms of Excessive light in %s
French rose thrives in full sun exposure but is sensitive to heat. Although sunburn symptoms occasionally occur, they are unable to withstand intense sunlight in high-temperature environments.
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(Symptom details and solutions)
Chlorosis
Chlorosis is a condition where the plant's leaves lose their green color and turn yellow. This is due to the breakdown of chlorophyll from excessive sunlight, which negatively affects the plant's ability to photosynthesize.
Sunscald
Sunscald occurs when the plant's leaves or stems are damaged by intense sunlight exposure. It appears as pale, bleached, or necrotic areas on the plant tissue and can reduce the plant's overall health.
Leaf Curling
Leaf curling is a symptom where leaves curl or twist under extreme sunlight conditions. This is a defense mechanism used by the plant to reduce its surface area exposed to sunlight, minimizing water loss and damage.
Wilting
Wilting occurs when a plant loses turgor pressure and its leaves and stems begin to droop. Overexposure to sunlight can cause wilting by increasing the plant's water loss through transpiration, making it difficult for the plant to maintain adequate hydration.
Leaf Scorching
Leaf scorching is a symptom characterized by the appearance of brown, dry, and crispy edges or patches on leaves due to excessive sunlight. This can lead to a reduction in photosynthetic capacity and overall plant health.
Solutions
1. Move your plant to the optimal position where it can receive abundant sunlight but also have some shade. An east-facing window is an ideal choice as the morning sunlight is gentler. This way, your plant can enjoy ample sunlight while reducing the risk of sunburn.2. It is recommended to trim off any completely dehydrated or withered parts of the plant.
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Temperature
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Requirements
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Tolerable
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Just like people, each plant has its own preferences. Learn about your plants' temperature needs and create a comforting environment for them to flourish. As you care for your plants, your bond with them will deepen. Trust your intuition as you learn about their temperature needs, celebrating the journey you share. Lovingly monitor the temperature around your plants and adjust their environment as needed. A thermometer can be your ally in this heartfelt endeavor. Be patient and gentle with yourself as you explore your plants' temperature needs. Cherish your successes, learn from challenges, and nurture your garden with love, creating a haven that reflects the warmth of your care.
Essentials
The french rose plant is native to temperate regions, thus requires a cool climate with a temperature range of 41 to 95℉ (5 to 35℃). It can tolerate a wide temperature range, however the best growth occurs between 68 to 77℉ (20 to 25℃). In winter, the temperature needs to be kept above 32℉ (0℃) to prevent frost damage.
Regional wintering strategies
French rose has strong cold resistance, so special frost protection measures are usually not necessary during winter. However, if the winter temperatures are expected to drop below {Limit_growth_temperature}, it is still important to provide cold protection. This can be achieved by wrapping the trunk and branches with materials such as non-woven fabric or cloth. Before the first freeze in autumn, it is recommended to water the plant abundantly, ensuring the soil remains moist and enters a frozen state. This helps prevent drought and water scarcity for the plant during winter and early spring.
Important Symptoms
Symptoms of Low Temperature in %s
French rose is cold-tolerant and thrives best when the temperature is above {Suitable_growth_temperature_min}. During winter, it should be kept above {Tolerable_growing_temperature_min}. When the temperature falls below {Limit_growth_temperature}, although there may not be any noticeable changes during winter, the branches may become brittle and dry during springtime, and no new shoots will emerge.
Solutions
In spring, prune away any dead branches that have failed to produce new leaves.
Symptoms of High Temperature in %s
During summer, French rose should be kept below {Suitable_growth_temperature_max}. When the temperature exceeds {Tolerable_growing_temperature_max}, the leaves of the plant may become lighter in color, the tips may become dry and withered, and the plant becomes more susceptible to sunburn.
Solutions
Trim away the sunburned and dried-up parts. Move the plant to a location that provides shade from the midday and afternoon sun, or use a shade cloth to create shade. Water the plant in the morning and evening to keep the soil moist.
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Transplant
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How to Successfully Transplant French Rose?
For a flourishing french rose, transplant during early to mid-spring or mid to late fall, as these cooler seasons promote robust root development. Choose a location offering well-drained soil and abundant sunlight. Gentle care during transplant ensures a seamless transition for your lovely french rose garden addition.
What Preparations are Needed Before Transplanting French Rose?
What is the Ideal Time for Transplanting French Rose?
The sweet spot for transplanting french rose is from the start of spring till its mid or during the period of mid-fall to late fall. This timing is perfect because the plant can adjust to its new home before extreme temperatures of summer and winter hits. This is the best time as french rose needs ample time to establish its root system, ensuring a healthier plant and more vibrant blooms. The friendly advice, for success with transplanting french rose, time it within these seasons!
How Much Space Should You Leave Between French Rose Plants?
When transplanting french rose, space the plants about 3-4 feet (0.91-1.22 meters) apart. This will give each plant enough room to grow and thrive.
What is the Best Soil Mix for French Rose Transplanting?
For a healthy french rose, prepare a well-draining soil with a mix of equal parts garden soil, compost, and coarse sand. Incorporate a balanced granular fertilizer to provide the necessary nutrients.
Where Should You Relocate Your French Rose?
Choose a location for your french rose that receives at least 6 hours of sunlight each day, ideally in an area with morning sun and light afternoon shade for optimal growth.
What Equipments Should You Prepare Before Transplantation French Rose?
Gardening Gloves
These keep your hands clean and protected while working with soil and french rose.
Shovel or Garden Spade
This is used to gently dig around the plant in the ground or pot, and for digging the hole at the new location.
Garden Trowel
Useful for removing french rose from a tray or small pot, and for filling in soil.
Gardening Fork
Used to break up dense soil and roots if necessary.
Watering Can or Hose
You'll need to water the french rose before and after transplanting.
How Do You Remove French Rose from the Soil?
From Ground: If your french rose plant is currently rooted in the ground, moisten the soil by watering it lightly. Then, using a shovel, dig a wide berth around the plant to encompass the root ball. Avoid damaging the roots as you lift the plant out of the ground.
From Pot: For french rose plants in pots, water the soil first to ease the removal process. Turn the pot sideways and gently ease the plant out. Try not to pull on the stem.
From Seedling Tray: If french rose is a seedling in a tray, use a trowel or your hands to ease it out, making sure to get the root ball along with the seedling.
Step-by-Step Guide for Transplanting French Rose
Preparation
Ensure the new site for the french rose plant is ready with a hole that is twice as wide and deep as the root ball. The hole's depth should be such that the plant sits at the same level as previously.
Placement
Position the french rose plant in the hole carefully without damaging the root ball. Spreading out the roots a little encourages growth outward into the new soil.
Backfill
Fill up the hole with the removed soil around the plant. Firm the soil gently around the roots and ensure there are no air pockets.
Watering
Deeply water the french rose plant immediately after transplanting to settle the soil and to help alleviate the transplant shock.
How Do You Care For French Rose After Transplanting?
Mulching
Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the french rose after transplanting. This will help to conserve moisture and prevent weed growth.
Monitoring
Regularly check on the french rose plant to ensure it is settling in well. The leaves should look healthy and not droop.
Pruning
Refrain from extensive pruning immediately after transplanting to let the french rose recover and conserve its energy.
Feeding
Water is important in the first few weeks after transplanting but hold off on fertilizer until you see new growth indicating that the french rose has settled well into its new location.
Troubleshooting Common Issues with French Rose Transplantation.
What is the best time of year to transplant french rose?
The optimal time frames for transplanting french rose lie in early to mid-spring or between mid-fall and late fall. This gives french rose the best chance at settling in comfortably.
How far apart should french rose plants be spaced?
French rose should ideally be positioned 3-4 feet (90-120 cm) apart. This gives them plenty of room to grow and flourish without competing for resources.
When transplanting french rose, is there an ideal soil condition?
Absolutely, french rose prefers well-drained, fertile soil. Adding compost may boost soil health and support french rose's growth post-transplant.
How deep should french rose be planted when transplanting?
French rose ought to be planted to the same depth it was in its previous location. Check closely to assure the root ball is covered fully, but not excessively
Should I water french rose right after transplanting?
Certainly! Deep watering after transplanting helps settle the soil around the roots, while also providing much-needed hydration to french rose in its new spot.
How should I prepare the new spot for french rose before transplanting?
The new location should be well-loosed and improved with organic matter, ensuring a well-drained and fertile site for french rose to expand its roots.
How to ensure successful transplanting of french rose during hotter periods?
Transplanting french rose during hot periods isn't ideal, but if it's necessary, do so early in the morning or late in the evening, and water thoroughly afterwards.
Should I prune french rose before or after transplanting?
Pruning french rose before transplanting can minimize stress from moving and will encourage new growth once settled in its new location.
Is there a specific manner to remove french rose from the original location?
Yes, when lifting french rose from its initial site, take care to dig around the root zone, lift gently and try to keep as much of the root ball intact as possible.
What to do if my transplanted french rose appears stressed or wilted?
French rose can show signs of transplant shock like wilting. Keep it well-watered, protect it from extreme weather, and give it time to recover.
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